Expose video driver options for Qt6 (#2643)

* Expose video driver options for Qt6

* Default to d3d11/metal/vulkan on Qt6

* Remove `pass`

* Add missing word to existing translation

* Default to OpenGL on Linux

* Exclude Vulkan from macOS

* Label default drivers

ftl/qt/preferences.ftl

@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ preferences-video-driver-software-mac = Software (not recommended)
 preferences-video-driver-opengl-other = OpenGL (faster, may cause issues)
 preferences-video-driver-software-other = Software (slower)
 preferences-video-driver-angle = ANGLE (may work better than OpenGL)
+preferences-video-driver-default = default

ftl/qt/qt-misc.ftl

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ qt-misc-your-firewall-or-antivirus-program-is = Your firewall or antivirus progr
 qt-misc-error = Error
 qt-misc-no-temp-folder = No usable temporary folder found. Make sure C:\\temp exists or TEMP in your environment points to a valid, writable folder.
 qt-misc-incompatible-video-driver = Your video driver is incompatible. Please start Anki again, and Anki will switch to a slower, more compatible mode.
-qt-misc-error-loading-graphics-driver = Error loading '{ $mode }' graphics driver. Please start Anki again to try next driver. { $context }
+qt-misc-error-loading-graphics-driver = Error loading '{ $mode }' graphics driver. Please start Anki again to try the next driver. { $context }
 qt-misc-anki-is-running = Anki Already Running
 qt-misc-if-instance-is-not-responding = If the existing instance of Anki is not responding, please close it using your task manager, or restart your computer.
 qt-misc-second =

qt/aqt/__init__.py

@@ -399,6 +399,8 @@ def parseArgs(argv: list[str]) -> tuple[argparse.Namespace, list[str]]:
 
 def setupGL(pm: aqt.profiles.ProfileManager) -> None:
     driver = pm.video_driver()
+    # RHI errors are emitted multiple times so make sure we only handle them once
+    driver_failed = False
 
     # work around pyqt loading wrong GL library
     if is_lin:
@@ -431,11 +433,16 @@ def setupGL(pm: aqt.profiles.ProfileManager) -> None:
             context += f"{ctx.function}"
         if context:
             context = f"'{context}'"
-        if (
+
+        nonlocal driver_failed
+        if not driver_failed and (
             "Failed to create OpenGL context" in msg
             # Based on the message Qt6 shows to the user; have not tested whether
             # we can actually capture this or not.
             or "Failed to initialize graphics backend" in msg
+            # RHI backend
+            or "Failed to create QRhi" in msg
+            or "Failed to get a QRhi" in msg
         ):
             QMessageBox.critical(
                 None,
@@ -446,6 +453,7 @@ def setupGL(pm: aqt.profiles.ProfileManager) -> None:
                 ),
             )
             pm.set_video_driver(driver.next())
+            driver_failed = True
             return
         else:
             print(f"Qt {category}: {msg} {context}")
@@ -455,8 +463,9 @@ def setupGL(pm: aqt.profiles.ProfileManager) -> None:
     if driver == VideoDriver.OpenGL:
         # Leaving QT_OPENGL unset appears to sometimes produce different results
         # to explicitly setting it to 'auto'; the former seems to be more compatible.
-        pass
+        if qtmajor > 5:
-    else:
+            QQuickWindow.setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface.GraphicsApi.OpenGL)
+    elif driver in (VideoDriver.Software, VideoDriver.ANGLE):
         if is_win:
             # on Windows, this appears to be sufficient on Qt5/Qt6.
             # On Qt6, ANGLE is excluded by the enum.
@@ -469,6 +478,14 @@ def setupGL(pm: aqt.profiles.ProfileManager) -> None:
             # Required on Qt6
             if "QTWEBENGINE_CHROMIUM_FLAGS" not in os.environ:
                 os.environ["QTWEBENGINE_CHROMIUM_FLAGS"] = "--disable-gpu"
+        if qtmajor > 5:
+            QQuickWindow.setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface.GraphicsApi.Software)
+    elif driver == VideoDriver.Metal:
+        QQuickWindow.setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface.GraphicsApi.Metal)
+    elif driver == VideoDriver.Vulkan:
+        QQuickWindow.setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface.GraphicsApi.Vulkan)
+    elif driver == VideoDriver.Direct3D:
+        QQuickWindow.setGraphicsApi(QSGRendererInterface.GraphicsApi.Direct3D11)
 
 
 PROFILE_CODE = os.environ.get("ANKI_PROFILE_CODE")

qt/aqt/preferences.py

@@ -392,9 +392,6 @@ class Preferences(QDialog):
         self.form.video_driver.setCurrentIndex(
             self.video_drivers.index(self.mw.pm.video_driver())
         )
-        if qtmajor > 5:
-            self.form.video_driver_label.setVisible(False)
-            self.form.video_driver.setVisible(False)
 
     def update_video_driver(self) -> None:
         new_driver = self.video_drivers[self.form.video_driver.currentIndex()]
@@ -404,15 +401,22 @@ class Preferences(QDialog):
 
 
 def video_driver_name_for_platform(driver: VideoDriver) -> str:
-    if driver == VideoDriver.ANGLE:
+    if qtmajor < 6:
-        return tr.preferences_video_driver_angle()
+        if driver == VideoDriver.ANGLE:
-    elif driver == VideoDriver.Software:
+            return tr.preferences_video_driver_angle()
-        if is_mac:
+        elif driver == VideoDriver.Software:
-            return tr.preferences_video_driver_software_mac()
+            if is_mac:
-        else:
+                return tr.preferences_video_driver_software_mac()
-            return tr.preferences_video_driver_software_other()
+            else:
-    else:
+                return tr.preferences_video_driver_software_other()
-        if is_mac:
+        elif driver == VideoDriver.OpenGL:
-            return tr.preferences_video_driver_opengl_mac()
+            if is_mac:
-        else:
+                return tr.preferences_video_driver_opengl_mac()
-            return tr.preferences_video_driver_opengl_other()
+            else:
+                return tr.preferences_video_driver_opengl_other()
+
+    label = driver.name
+    if driver == VideoDriver.default_for_platform():
+        label += f" ({tr.preferences_video_driver_default()})"
+
+    return label

qt/aqt/profiles.py

@@ -42,37 +42,42 @@ class VideoDriver(Enum):
     OpenGL = "auto"
     ANGLE = "angle"
     Software = "software"
+    Metal = "metal"
+    Vulkan = "vulkan"
+    Direct3D = "d3d11"
 
     @staticmethod
     def default_for_platform() -> VideoDriver:
-        if is_mac or qtmajor > 5:
+        return VideoDriver.all_for_platform()[0]
-            return VideoDriver.OpenGL
-        else:
-            return VideoDriver.Software
 
     def constrained_to_platform(self) -> VideoDriver:
-        if self == VideoDriver.ANGLE and not VideoDriver.supports_angle():
+        if self not in VideoDriver.all_for_platform():
-            return VideoDriver.Software
+            return VideoDriver.default_for_platform()
         return self
 
     def next(self) -> VideoDriver:
-        if self == VideoDriver.Software:
+        all = VideoDriver.all_for_platform()
-            return VideoDriver.OpenGL
+        try:
-        elif self == VideoDriver.OpenGL and VideoDriver.supports_angle():
+            idx = (all.index(self) + 1) % len(all)
-            return VideoDriver.ANGLE
+        except ValueError:
-        else:
+            idx = 0
-            return VideoDriver.Software
+        return all[idx]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def supports_angle() -> bool:
-        return is_win and qtmajor < 6
 
     @staticmethod
     def all_for_platform() -> list[VideoDriver]:
-        all = [VideoDriver.OpenGL]
+        all = []
-        if VideoDriver.supports_angle():
+        if qtmajor > 5:
+            if is_win:
+                all.append(VideoDriver.Direct3D)
+            if is_mac:
+                all.append(VideoDriver.Metal)
+        all.append(VideoDriver.OpenGL)
+        if qtmajor > 5 and not is_mac:
+            all.append(VideoDriver.Vulkan)
+        if is_win and qtmajor < 6:
             all.append(VideoDriver.ANGLE)
         all.append(VideoDriver.Software)
+
         return all
 
 

qt/aqt/qt/qt6.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from PyQt6.QtCore import *
 # conflicting Qt and qFuzzyCompare definitions require an ignore
 from PyQt6.QtGui import *  # type: ignore[misc,assignment]
 from PyQt6.QtNetwork import QLocalServer, QLocalSocket, QNetworkProxy
+from PyQt6.QtQuick import *
 from PyQt6.QtWebChannel import QWebChannel
 from PyQt6.QtWebEngineCore import *
 from PyQt6.QtWebEngineWidgets import *