diff --git a/proto/backend.proto b/proto/backend.proto
index a38b59472..cb5f4bccc 100644
--- a/proto/backend.proto
+++ b/proto/backend.proto
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ service BackendService {
     rpc CongratsInfo (Empty) returns (CongratsInfoOut);
     rpc RestoreBuriedAndSuspendedCards (CardIDs) returns (Empty);
     rpc UnburyCardsInCurrentDeck (UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn) returns (Empty);
+    rpc BuryOrSuspendCards (BuryOrSuspendCardsIn) returns (Empty);
 
     // stats
 
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ service BackendService {
     rpc AfterNoteUpdates (AfterNoteUpdatesIn) returns (Empty);
     rpc FieldNamesForNotes (FieldNamesForNotesIn) returns (FieldNamesForNotesOut);
     rpc NoteIsDuplicateOrEmpty (Note) returns (NoteIsDuplicateOrEmptyOut);
+    rpc CardsOfNote (NoteID) returns (CardIDs);
 
     // note types
 
@@ -1042,3 +1044,13 @@ message UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn {
     }
     Mode mode = 1;
 }
+
+message BuryOrSuspendCardsIn {
+    enum Mode {
+        SUSPEND = 0;
+        BURY_SCHED = 1;
+        BURY_USER = 2;
+    }
+    repeated int64 card_ids = 1;
+    Mode mode = 2;
+}
diff --git a/pylib/anki/collection.py b/pylib/anki/collection.py
index f66ab90e6..320a6565b 100644
--- a/pylib/anki/collection.py
+++ b/pylib/anki/collection.py
@@ -356,6 +356,9 @@ class Collection:
             hooks.notes_will_be_deleted(self, nids)
         self.backend.remove_notes(note_ids=[], card_ids=card_ids)
 
+    def card_ids_of_note(self, note_id: int) -> Sequence[int]:
+        return self.backend.cards_of_note(note_id)
+
     # legacy
 
     def addNote(self, note: Note) -> int:
diff --git a/pylib/anki/notes.py b/pylib/anki/notes.py
index 0871a761f..b265e5edc 100644
--- a/pylib/anki/notes.py
+++ b/pylib/anki/notes.py
@@ -76,12 +76,10 @@ class Note:
         return joinFields(self.fields)
 
     def cards(self) -> List[anki.cards.Card]:
-        return [
-            self.col.getCard(id)
-            for id in self.col.db.list(
-                "select id from cards where nid = ? order by ord", self.id
-            )
-        ]
+        return [self.col.getCard(id) for id in self.card_ids()]
+
+    def card_ids(self) -> Sequence[int]:
+        return self.col.card_ids_of_note(self.id)
 
     def model(self) -> Optional[NoteType]:
         return self.col.models.get(self.mid)
diff --git a/pylib/anki/sched.py b/pylib/anki/sched.py
index 9f44e9b3f..924972b34 100644
--- a/pylib/anki/sched.py
+++ b/pylib/anki/sched.py
@@ -806,32 +806,3 @@ did = ?, queue = %s, due = ?, usn = ? where id = ?"""
                 return self._graduatingIvl(card, conf, False, adj=False) * 86400
             else:
                 return self._delayForGrade(conf, left)
-
-    # Suspending
-    ##########################################################################
-
-    def suspendCards(self, ids: List[int]) -> None:
-        "Suspend cards."
-        self.col.log(ids)
-        self.remFromDyn(ids)
-        self.removeLrn(ids)
-        self.col.db.execute(
-            f"update cards set queue={QUEUE_TYPE_SUSPENDED},mod=?,usn=? where id in "
-            + ids2str(ids),
-            intTime(),
-            self.col.usn(),
-        )
-
-    def buryCards(self, cids: List[int], manual: bool = False) -> None:
-        # v1 only supported automatic burying
-        assert not manual
-        self.col.log(cids)
-        self.remFromDyn(cids)
-        self.removeLrn(cids)
-        self.col.db.execute(
-            f"""
-update cards set queue={QUEUE_TYPE_SIBLING_BURIED},mod=?,usn=? where id in """
-            + ids2str(cids),
-            intTime(),
-            self.col.usn(),
-        )
diff --git a/pylib/anki/schedv2.py b/pylib/anki/schedv2.py
index fedf002b1..7ca006b83 100644
--- a/pylib/anki/schedv2.py
+++ b/pylib/anki/schedv2.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ from anki.cards import Card
 from anki.consts import *
 from anki.decks import Deck, DeckConfig, DeckManager, FilteredDeck, QueueConfig
 from anki.lang import _
+from anki.notes import Note
 from anki.rsbackend import (
     CountsForDeckToday,
     DeckTreeNode,
@@ -36,10 +37,14 @@ from anki.rsbackend import (
 )
 from anki.utils import ids2str, intTime
 
-UnburyCurrentDeckMode = pb.UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn.Mode  # pylint: disable=no-member
+UnburyCurrentDeckMode = pb.UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn.Mode  # pylint:disable=no-member
+BuryOrSuspendMode = pb.BuryOrSuspendCardsIn.Mode  # pylint:disable=no-member
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     UnburyCurrentDeckModeValue = (
-        pb.UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn.ModeValue  # pylint: disable=no-member
+        pb.UnburyCardsInCurrentDeckIn.ModeValue  # pylint:disable=no-member
+    )
+    BuryOrSuspendModeValue = (
+        pb.BuryOrSuspendCardsIn.ModeValue  # pylint:disable=no-member
     )
 
 # card types: 0=new, 1=lrn, 2=rev, 3=relrn
@@ -1387,34 +1392,20 @@ where id = ?
     ) -> None:
         self.col.backend.unbury_cards_in_current_deck(mode)
 
-    def suspendCards(self, ids: List[int]) -> None:
-        "Suspend cards."
-        self.col.log(ids)
-        self.col.db.execute(
-            f"update cards set queue={QUEUE_TYPE_SUSPENDED},mod=?,usn=? where id in "
-            + ids2str(ids),
-            intTime(),
-            self.col.usn(),
+    def suspend_cards(self, ids: Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        self.col.backend.bury_or_suspend_cards(
+            card_ids=ids, mode=BuryOrSuspendMode.SUSPEND
         )
 
-    def buryCards(self, cids: List[int], manual: bool = True) -> None:
-        queue = manual and QUEUE_TYPE_MANUALLY_BURIED or QUEUE_TYPE_SIBLING_BURIED
-        self.col.log(cids)
-        self.col.db.execute(
-            """
-update cards set queue=?,mod=?,usn=? where id in """
-            + ids2str(cids),
-            queue,
-            intTime(),
-            self.col.usn(),
-        )
+    def bury_cards(self, ids: Sequence[int], manual: bool = True) -> None:
+        if manual:
+            mode = BuryOrSuspendMode.BURY_USER
+        else:
+            mode = BuryOrSuspendMode.BURY_SCHED
+        self.col.backend.bury_or_suspend_cards(card_ids=ids, mode=mode)
 
-    def buryNote(self, nid: int) -> None:
-        "Bury all cards for note until next session."
-        cids = self.col.db.list(
-            f"select id from cards where nid = ? and queue >= {QUEUE_TYPE_NEW}", nid
-        )
-        self.buryCards(cids)
+    def bury_note(self, note: Note):
+        self.bury_cards(note.card_ids())
 
     # legacy
 
@@ -1424,7 +1415,14 @@ update cards set queue=?,mod=?,usn=? where id in """
         )
         self.unbury_cards_in_current_deck()
 
+    def buryNote(self, nid: int) -> None:
+        note = self.col.getNote(nid)
+        self.bury_cards(note.card_ids())
+
     def unburyCardsForDeck(self, type: str = "all") -> None:
+        print(
+            "please use unbury_cards_in_current_deck() instead of unburyCardsForDeck()"
+        )
         if type == "all":
             mode = UnburyCurrentDeckMode.ALL
         elif type == "manual":
@@ -1434,6 +1432,8 @@ update cards set queue=?,mod=?,usn=? where id in """
         self.unbury_cards_in_current_deck(mode)
 
     unsuspendCards = unsuspend_cards
+    buryCards = bury_cards
+    suspendCards = suspend_cards
 
     # Sibling spacing
     ##########################################################################
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ and (queue={QUEUE_TYPE_NEW} or (queue={QUEUE_TYPE_REV} and due<=?))""",
                 pass
         # then bury
         if toBury:
-            self.buryCards(toBury, manual=False)
+            self.bury_cards(toBury, manual=False)
 
     # Resetting
     ##########################################################################
diff --git a/pylib/tests/test_schedv1.py b/pylib/tests/test_schedv1.py
index 4144b2f2d..025ec55de 100644
--- a/pylib/tests/test_schedv1.py
+++ b/pylib/tests/test_schedv1.py
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def test_misc():
     col.addNote(note)
     c = note.cards()[0]
     # burying
-    col.sched.buryNote(c.nid)
+    col.sched.bury_note(note)
     col.reset()
     assert not col.sched.getCard()
     col.sched.unbury_cards_in_current_deck()
@@ -517,11 +517,11 @@ def test_suspend():
     # suspending
     col.reset()
     assert col.sched.getCard()
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
     col.reset()
     assert not col.sched.getCard()
     # unsuspending
-    col.sched.unsuspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.unsuspend_cards([c.id])
     col.reset()
     assert col.sched.getCard()
     # should cope with rev cards being relearnt
@@ -536,8 +536,8 @@ def test_suspend():
     assert c.due >= time.time()
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_LRN
     assert c.type == CARD_TYPE_REV
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
-    col.sched.unsuspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
+    col.sched.unsuspend_cards([c.id])
     c.load()
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_REV
     assert c.type == CARD_TYPE_REV
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ def test_suspend():
     c.load()
     assert c.due != 1
     assert c.did != 1
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
     c.load()
     assert c.due == 1
     assert c.did == 1
diff --git a/pylib/tests/test_schedv2.py b/pylib/tests/test_schedv2.py
index 14296a59f..6e928ae7b 100644
--- a/pylib/tests/test_schedv2.py
+++ b/pylib/tests/test_schedv2.py
@@ -600,10 +600,12 @@ def test_bury():
     col.addNote(note)
     c2 = note.cards()[0]
     # burying
-    col.sched.buryCards([c.id], manual=True)  # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    col.sched.bury_cards([c.id], manual=True)  # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
     c.load()
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_MANUALLY_BURIED
-    col.sched.buryCards([c2.id], manual=False)  # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    col.sched.bury_cards(
+        [c2.id], manual=False
+    )  # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
     c2.load()
     assert c2.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_SIBLING_BURIED
 
@@ -620,7 +622,7 @@ def test_bury():
     c2.load()
     assert c2.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_NEW
 
-    col.sched.buryCards([c.id, c2.id])
+    col.sched.bury_cards([c.id, c2.id])
     col.sched.unbury_cards_in_current_deck()
 
     col.reset()
@@ -637,11 +639,11 @@ def test_suspend():
     # suspending
     col.reset()
     assert col.sched.getCard()
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
     col.reset()
     assert not col.sched.getCard()
     # unsuspending
-    col.sched.unsuspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.unsuspend_cards([c.id])
     col.reset()
     assert col.sched.getCard()
     # should cope with rev cards being relearnt
@@ -657,8 +659,8 @@ def test_suspend():
     due = c.due
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_LRN
     assert c.type == CARD_TYPE_RELEARNING
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
-    col.sched.unsuspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
+    col.sched.unsuspend_cards([c.id])
     c.load()
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_LRN
     assert c.type == CARD_TYPE_RELEARNING
@@ -671,7 +673,7 @@ def test_suspend():
     c.load()
     assert c.due != 1
     assert c.did != 1
-    col.sched.suspendCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id])
     c.load()
     assert c.due != 1
     assert c.did != 1
@@ -1199,7 +1201,7 @@ def test_moveVersions():
     col.reset()
     c = col.sched.getCard()
     col.sched.answerCard(c, 1)
-    col.sched.buryCards([c.id])
+    col.sched.bury_cards([c.id])
     c.load()
     assert c.queue == QUEUE_TYPE_MANUALLY_BURIED
 
diff --git a/qt/aqt/browser.py b/qt/aqt/browser.py
index 5bde1ccf2..816b85f42 100644
--- a/qt/aqt/browser.py
+++ b/qt/aqt/browser.py
@@ -1672,9 +1672,9 @@ update cards set usn=?, mod=?, did=? where id in """
         sus = not self.isSuspended()
         c = self.selectedCards()
         if sus:
-            self.col.sched.suspendCards(c)
+            self.col.sched.suspend_cards(c)
         else:
-            self.col.sched.unsuspendCards(c)
+            self.col.sched.unsuspend_cards(c)
         self.model.reset()
         self.mw.requireReset(reason=ResetReason.BrowserSuspend, context=self)
 
diff --git a/qt/aqt/reviewer.py b/qt/aqt/reviewer.py
index 2e4979057..c63c9a668 100644
--- a/qt/aqt/reviewer.py
+++ b/qt/aqt/reviewer.py
@@ -794,13 +794,13 @@ time = %(time)d;
 
     def onSuspend(self) -> None:
         self.mw.checkpoint(_("Suspend"))
-        self.mw.col.sched.suspendCards([c.id for c in self.card.note().cards()])
+        self.mw.col.sched.suspend_cards([c.id for c in self.card.note().cards()])
         tooltip(_("Note suspended."))
         self.mw.reset()
 
     def onSuspendCard(self) -> None:
         self.mw.checkpoint(_("Suspend"))
-        self.mw.col.sched.suspendCards([self.card.id])
+        self.mw.col.sched.suspend_cards([self.card.id])
         tooltip(_("Card suspended."))
         self.mw.reset()
 
@@ -822,13 +822,13 @@ time = %(time)d;
 
     def onBuryCard(self) -> None:
         self.mw.checkpoint(_("Bury"))
-        self.mw.col.sched.buryCards([self.card.id])
+        self.mw.col.sched.bury_cards([self.card.id])
         self.mw.reset()
         tooltip(_("Card buried."))
 
     def onBuryNote(self) -> None:
         self.mw.checkpoint(_("Bury"))
-        self.mw.col.sched.buryNote(self.card.nid)
+        self.mw.col.sched.bury_note(self.card.note())
         self.mw.reset()
         tooltip(_("Note buried."))
 
diff --git a/rslib/src/backend/mod.rs b/rslib/src/backend/mod.rs
index 8a168d59e..b90e31754 100644
--- a/rslib/src/backend/mod.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/backend/mod.rs
@@ -531,6 +531,14 @@ impl BackendService for Backend {
         })
     }
 
+    fn bury_or_suspend_cards(&mut self, input: pb::BuryOrSuspendCardsIn) -> BackendResult<Empty> {
+        self.with_col(|col| {
+            let mode = input.mode();
+            let cids: Vec<_> = input.card_ids.into_iter().map(CardID).collect();
+            col.bury_or_suspend_cards(&cids, mode).map(Into::into)
+        })
+    }
+
     // statistics
     //-----------------------------------------------
 
@@ -880,6 +888,16 @@ impl BackendService for Backend {
         })
     }
 
+    fn cards_of_note(&mut self, input: pb::NoteId) -> BackendResult<pb::CardIDs> {
+        self.with_col(|col| {
+            col.storage
+                .all_card_ids_of_note(NoteID(input.nid))
+                .map(|v| pb::CardIDs {
+                    cids: v.into_iter().map(Into::into).collect(),
+                })
+        })
+    }
+
     // notetypes
     //-------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/rslib/src/card.rs b/rslib/src/card.rs
index e7c275371..b6884096f 100644
--- a/rslib/src/card.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/card.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ use crate::define_newtype;
 use crate::err::{AnkiError, Result};
 use crate::notes::NoteID;
 use crate::{
-    collection::Collection, config::SchedulerVersion, timestamp::TimestampSecs, types::Usn,
-    undo::Undoable,
+    collection::Collection, config::SchedulerVersion, deckconf::INITIAL_EASE_FACTOR,
+    timestamp::TimestampSecs, types::Usn, undo::Undoable,
 };
 use num_enum::TryFromPrimitive;
 use serde_repr::{Deserialize_repr, Serialize_repr};
@@ -104,11 +104,10 @@ impl Card {
 
     pub(crate) fn return_home(&mut self, sched: SchedulerVersion) {
         if self.odid.0 == 0 {
-            // this should not happen
+            // not in a filtered deck
             return;
         }
 
-        // fixme: avoid bumping mtime?
         self.did = self.odid;
         self.odid.0 = 0;
         if self.odue > 0 {
@@ -154,6 +153,32 @@ impl Card {
             self.ctype = CardType::New;
         }
     }
+
+    /// Remove the card from the (re)learning queue.
+    /// This will reset cards in learning.
+    /// Only used in the V1 scheduler.
+    /// Unlike the legacy Python code, this sets the due# to 0 instead of
+    /// one past the previous max due number.
+    pub(crate) fn remove_from_learning(&mut self) {
+        if !matches!(self.queue, CardQueue::Learn | CardQueue::DayLearn) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if self.ctype == CardType::Review {
+            // reviews are removed from relearning
+            self.due = self.odue;
+            self.odue = 0;
+            self.queue = CardQueue::Review;
+        } else {
+            // other cards are reset to new
+            self.ctype = CardType::New;
+            self.queue = CardQueue::New;
+            self.ivl = 0;
+            self.due = 0;
+            self.odue = 0;
+            self.factor = INITIAL_EASE_FACTOR;
+        }
+    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct UpdateCardUndo(Card);
diff --git a/rslib/src/deckconf/mod.rs b/rslib/src/deckconf/mod.rs
index f57fe4158..4235acbfa 100644
--- a/rslib/src/deckconf/mod.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/deckconf/mod.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub use crate::backend_proto::{
     DeckConfigInner,
 };
 pub use schema11::{DeckConfSchema11, NewCardOrderSchema11};
+pub const INITIAL_EASE_FACTOR: u16 = 2500;
 
 mod schema11;
 
diff --git a/rslib/src/deckconf/schema11.rs b/rslib/src/deckconf/schema11.rs
index 585fbfe55..5c9e0039e 100644
--- a/rslib/src/deckconf/schema11.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/deckconf/schema11.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
 // License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
 
-use super::{DeckConf, DeckConfID};
+use super::{DeckConf, DeckConfID, INITIAL_EASE_FACTOR};
 use crate::backend_proto::deck_config_inner::NewCardOrder;
 use crate::backend_proto::DeckConfigInner;
 use crate::{serde::default_on_invalid, timestamp::TimestampSecs, types::Usn};
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ impl Default for NewConfSchema11 {
         NewConfSchema11 {
             bury: false,
             delays: vec![1.0, 10.0],
-            initial_factor: 2500,
+            initial_factor: INITIAL_EASE_FACTOR,
             ints: NewCardIntervals::default(),
             order: NewCardOrderSchema11::default(),
             per_day: 20,
diff --git a/rslib/src/sched/bury_and_suspend.rs b/rslib/src/sched/bury_and_suspend.rs
index 98410b19a..11cce7bdf 100644
--- a/rslib/src/sched/bury_and_suspend.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/sched/bury_and_suspend.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use crate::{
     backend_proto as pb,
     card::{Card, CardID, CardQueue, CardType},
     collection::Collection,
+    config::SchedulerVersion,
     err::Result,
 };
 
@@ -93,6 +94,54 @@ impl Collection {
             col.unsuspend_or_unbury_searched_cards()
         })
     }
+
+    /// Bury/suspend cards in search table, and clear it.
+    /// Marks the cards as modified.
+    fn bury_or_suspend_searched_cards(
+        &mut self,
+        mode: pb::bury_or_suspend_cards_in::Mode,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        use pb::bury_or_suspend_cards_in::Mode;
+        let usn = self.usn()?;
+        let sched = self.sched_ver();
+
+        for original in self.storage.all_searched_cards()? {
+            let mut card = original.clone();
+            let desired_queue = match mode {
+                Mode::Suspend => CardQueue::Suspended,
+                Mode::BurySched => CardQueue::SchedBuried,
+                Mode::BuryUser => {
+                    if sched == SchedulerVersion::V1 {
+                        // v1 scheduler only had one bury type
+                        CardQueue::SchedBuried
+                    } else {
+                        CardQueue::UserBuried
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+            if card.queue != desired_queue {
+                if sched == SchedulerVersion::V1 {
+                    card.return_home(sched);
+                    card.remove_from_learning();
+                }
+                card.queue = desired_queue;
+                self.update_card(&mut card, &original, usn)?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.clear_searched_cards()
+    }
+
+    pub fn bury_or_suspend_cards(
+        &mut self,
+        cids: &[CardID],
+        mode: pb::bury_or_suspend_cards_in::Mode,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.transact(None, |col| {
+            col.set_search_table_to_card_ids(cids)?;
+            col.bury_or_suspend_searched_cards(mode)
+        })
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/rslib/src/storage/card/mod.rs b/rslib/src/storage/card/mod.rs
index 4117244c5..8535ab88f 100644
--- a/rslib/src/storage/card/mod.rs
+++ b/rslib/src/storage/card/mod.rs
@@ -237,6 +237,13 @@ impl super::SqliteStorage {
             .collect()
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn all_card_ids_of_note(&self, nid: NoteID) -> Result<Vec<CardID>> {
+        self.db
+            .prepare_cached("select id from cards where nid = ? order by ord")?
+            .query_and_then(&[nid], |r| Ok(CardID(r.get(0)?)))?
+            .collect()
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn note_ids_of_cards(&self, cids: &[CardID]) -> Result<HashSet<NoteID>> {
         let mut stmt = self
             .db