Bump version

.1 release skipped due to missing bugfix

.version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-25.07.3
+25.09.2

.yarnrc.yml

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 nodeLinker: node-modules
+enableScripts: false

CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ Sander Santema <github.com/sandersantema/>
 Thomas Brownback <https://github.com/brownbat/>
 Andrew Gaul <andrew@gaul.org>
 kenden
+Emil Hamrin <github.com/e-hamrin>
 Nickolay Yudin <kelciour@gmail.com>
 neitrinoweb <github.com/neitrinoweb/>
 Andreas Reis <github.com/nwwt>
@@ -236,6 +237,12 @@ Marvin Kopf <marvinkopf@outlook.com>
 Kevin Nakamura <grinkers@grinkers.net>
 Bradley Szoke <bradleyszoke@gmail.com>
 jcznk <https://github.com/jcznk>
+Thomas Rixen <thomas.rixen@student.uclouvain.be>
+Siyuan Mattuwu Yan <syan4@ualberta.ca>
+Lee Doughty <32392044+leedoughty@users.noreply.github.com>
+memchr <memchr@proton.me>
+Max Romanowski <maxr777@proton.me>
+Aldlss <ayaldlss@gmail.com>
 
 ********************
 

Cargo.toml

@@ -33,9 +33,8 @@ git = "https://github.com/ankitects/linkcheck.git"
 rev = "184b2ca50ed39ca43da13f0b830a463861adb9ca"
 
 [workspace.dependencies.fsrs]
-version = "4.1.1"
+version = "5.1.0"
 # git = "https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/fsrs-rs.git"
-# rev = "a7f7efc10f0a26b14ee348cc7402155685f2a24f"
 # path = "../open-spaced-repetition/fsrs-rs"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
@@ -110,6 +109,7 @@ prost-types = "0.13"
 pulldown-cmark = "0.13.0"
 pyo3 = { version = "0.25.1", features = ["extension-module", "abi3", "abi3-py39"] }
 rand = "0.9.1"
+rayon = "1.10.0"
 regex = "1.11.1"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12.20", default-features = false, features = ["json", "socks", "stream", "multipart"] }
 rusqlite = { version = "0.36.0", features = ["trace", "functions", "collation", "bundled"] }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ tokio-util = { version = "0.7.15", features = ["io"] }
 tower-http = { version = "0.6.6", features = ["trace"] }
 tracing = { version = "0.1.41", features = ["max_level_trace", "release_max_level_debug"] }
 tracing-appender = "0.2.3"
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.19", features = ["fmt", "env-filter"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.20", features = ["fmt", "env-filter"] }
 unic-langid = { version = "0.9.6", features = ["macros"] }
 unic-ucd-category = "0.9.0"
 unicode-normalization = "0.1.24"

build/configure/src/rust.rs

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ fn build_rsbridge(build: &mut Build) -> Result<()> {
 
 pub fn check_rust(build: &mut Build) -> Result<()> {
     let inputs = inputs![
-        glob!("{rslib/**,pylib/rsbridge/**,ftl/**,build/**,qt/launcher/**}"),
+        glob!("{rslib/**,pylib/rsbridge/**,ftl/**,build/**,qt/launcher/**,tools/minilints/**}"),
         "Cargo.lock",
         "Cargo.toml",
         "rust-toolchain.toml",

build/ninja_gen/src/action.rs

@@ -49,6 +49,46 @@ pub trait BuildAction {
     }
 
     fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
-        std::any::type_name::<Self>().split("::").last().unwrap()
+        std::any::type_name::<Self>()
+            .split("::")
+            .last()
+            .unwrap()
+            .split('<')
+            .next()
+            .unwrap()
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+trait TestBuildAction {}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+impl<T: TestBuildAction + ?Sized> BuildAction for T {
+    fn command(&self) -> &str {
+        "test"
+    }
+    fn files(&mut self, _build: &mut impl FilesHandle) {}
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code, unused_variables)]
+#[test]
+fn should_strip_regions_in_type_name() {
+    struct Bare;
+    impl TestBuildAction for Bare {}
+    assert_eq!(Bare {}.name(), "Bare");
+
+    struct WithLifeTime<'a>(&'a str);
+    impl TestBuildAction for WithLifeTime<'_> {}
+    assert_eq!(WithLifeTime("test").name(), "WithLifeTime");
+
+    struct WithMultiLifeTime<'a, 'b>(&'a str, &'b str);
+    impl TestBuildAction for WithMultiLifeTime<'_, '_> {}
+    assert_eq!(
+        WithMultiLifeTime("test", "test").name(),
+        "WithMultiLifeTime"
+    );
+
+    struct WithGeneric<T>(T);
+    impl<T> TestBuildAction for WithGeneric<T> {}
+    assert_eq!(WithGeneric(3).name(), "WithGeneric");
+}

build/ninja_gen/src/archives.rs

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ impl Platform {
 }
 
 /// Append .exe to path if on Windows.
-pub fn with_exe(path: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+pub fn with_exe(path: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     if cfg!(windows) {
         format!("{path}.exe").into()
     } else {

build/ninja_gen/src/node.rs

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ impl BuildAction for YarnInstall<'_> {
     }
 }
 
-fn with_cmd_ext(bin: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn with_cmd_ext(bin: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     if cfg!(windows) {
         format!("{bin}.cmd").into()
     } else {

build/runner/src/yarn.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,11 @@ pub fn setup_yarn(args: YarnArgs) {
                 .arg("--ignore-scripts"),
         );
     } else {
-        run_command(Command::new(&args.yarn_bin).arg("install"));
+        run_command(
+            Command::new(&args.yarn_bin)
+                .arg("install")
+                .arg("--immutable"),
+        );
     }
 
     std::fs::write(args.stamp, b"").unwrap();

docs/docker/Dockerfile

@@ -1,35 +1,78 @@
-# This Dockerfile uses three stages.
+# This is a user-contributed Dockerfile. No official support is available.
-#   1. Compile anki (and dependencies) and build python wheels.
-#   2. Create a virtual environment containing anki and its dependencies.
-#   3. Create a final image that only includes anki's virtual environment and required
-#      system packages.
 
-ARG PYTHON_VERSION="3.9"
 ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND="noninteractive"
 
-# Build anki.
+FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS build
-FROM python:$PYTHON_VERSION AS build
-RUN curl -fsSL https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazelisk/releases/download/v1.7.4/bazelisk-linux-amd64 \
-    > /usr/local/bin/bazel \
-    && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/bazel \
-    # Bazel expects /usr/bin/python
-    && ln -s /usr/local/bin/python /usr/bin/python
 WORKDIR /opt/anki
+ENV PYTHON_VERSION="3.13"
+
+
+# System deps
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    curl \
+    git \
+    build-essential \
+    pkg-config \
+    libssl-dev \
+    libbz2-dev \
+    libreadline-dev \
+    libsqlite3-dev \
+    libffi-dev \
+    zlib1g-dev \
+    liblzma-dev \
+    ca-certificates \
+    ninja-build \
+    rsync \
+    libglib2.0-0 \
+    libgl1 \
+    libx11-6 \
+    libxext6 \
+    libxrender1 \
+    libxkbcommon0 \
+    libxkbcommon-x11-0 \
+    libxcb1 \
+    libxcb-render0 \
+    libxcb-shm0 \
+    libxcb-icccm4 \
+    libxcb-image0 \
+    libxcb-keysyms1 \
+    libxcb-randr0 \
+    libxcb-shape0 \
+    libxcb-xfixes0 \
+    libxcb-xinerama0 \
+    libxcb-xinput0 \
+    libsm6 \
+    libice6 \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# install rust with rustup
+RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
+ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
+
+# Install uv and Python 3.13 with uv
+RUN curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh \
+    && ln -s /root/.local/bin/uv /usr/local/bin/uv
+ENV PATH="/root/.local/bin:${PATH}"
+
+RUN uv python install ${PYTHON_VERSION} --default
+
 COPY . . 
-# Build python wheels.
+
 RUN ./tools/build
 
+
 # Install pre-compiled Anki.
-FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-slim as installer
+FROM python:3.13-slim AS installer
 WORKDIR /opt/anki/
-COPY --from=build /opt/anki/wheels/ wheels/
+COPY --from=build /opt/anki/out/wheels/ wheels/
 # Use virtual environment.
 RUN python -m venv venv \
     && ./venv/bin/python -m pip install --no-cache-dir setuptools wheel \
     && ./venv/bin/python -m pip install --no-cache-dir /opt/anki/wheels/*.whl
 
+
 # We use another build stage here so we don't include the wheels in the final image.
-FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-slim as final
+FROM python:3.13-slim AS final
 COPY --from=installer /opt/anki/venv /opt/anki/venv
 ENV PATH=/opt/anki/venv/bin:$PATH
 # Install run-time dependencies.
@@ -59,9 +102,9 @@ RUN apt-get update \
     libxrender1 \
     libxtst6 \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
 # Add non-root user.
 RUN useradd --create-home anki
 USER anki
 WORKDIR /work
 ENTRYPOINT ["/opt/anki/venv/bin/anki"]
-LABEL maintainer="Jakub Kaczmarzyk <jakub.kaczmarzyk@gmail.com>"

ftl/core-repo

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit b90ef6f03c251eb336029ac7c5f551200d41273f
+Subproject commit 480ef0da728c7ea3485c58529ae7ee02be3e5dba

ftl/core/database-check.ftl

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@ database-check-card-properties =
         [one] Fixed { $count } invalid card property.
        *[other] Fixed { $count } invalid card properties.
     }
+database-check-card-last-review-time-empty =
+    { $count ->
+        [one] Added last review time to { $count } card.
+       *[other] Added last review time to { $count } cards.
+    }
 database-check-missing-templates =
     { $count ->
         [one] Deleted { $count } card with missing template.

ftl/core/deck-config.ftl

@@ -384,8 +384,6 @@ deck-config-which-deck = Which deck would you like to display options for?
 deck-config-updating-cards = Updating cards: { $current_cards_count }/{ $total_cards_count }...
 deck-config-invalid-parameters = The provided FSRS parameters are invalid. Leave them blank to use the default parameters.
 deck-config-not-enough-history = Insufficient review history to perform this operation.
-deck-config-unable-to-determine-desired-retention =
-    Unable to determine a minimum recommended retention.
 deck-config-must-have-400-reviews =
     { $count ->
         [one] Only { $count } review was found.
@@ -394,7 +392,6 @@ deck-config-must-have-400-reviews =
 # Numbers that control how aggressively the FSRS algorithm schedules cards
 deck-config-weights = FSRS parameters
 deck-config-compute-optimal-weights = Optimize FSRS parameters
-deck-config-compute-minimum-recommended-retention = Minimum recommended retention
 deck-config-optimize-button = Optimize Current Preset
 # Indicates that a given function or label, provided via the "text" variable, operates slowly.
 deck-config-slow-suffix = { $text } (slow)
@@ -407,7 +404,6 @@ deck-config-historical-retention = Historical retention
 deck-config-smaller-is-better = Smaller numbers indicate a better fit to your review history.
 deck-config-steps-too-large-for-fsrs = When FSRS is enabled, steps of 1 day or more are not recommended.
 deck-config-get-params = Get Params
-deck-config-predicted-minimum-recommended-retention = Minimum recommended retention: { $num }
 deck-config-complete = { $num }% complete.
 deck-config-iterations = Iteration: { $count }...
 deck-config-reschedule-cards-on-change = Reschedule cards on change
@@ -468,12 +464,7 @@ deck-config-compute-optimal-weights-tooltip2 =
     By default, parameters will be calculated from the review history of all decks using the current preset. You can
     optionally adjust the search before calculating the parameters, if you'd like to alter which cards are used for
     optimizing the parameters.
-deck-config-compute-optimal-retention-tooltip4 =
+
-    This tool will attempt to find the desired retention value 
-    that will lead to the most material learnt, in the least amount of time. The calculated number can serve as a reference
-    when deciding what to set your desired retention to. You may wish to choose a higher desired retention if you’re 
-    willing to invest more study time to achieve it. Setting your desired retention lower than the minimum
-    is not recommended, as it will lead to a higher workload, because of the high forgetting rate.
 deck-config-please-save-your-changes-first = Please save your changes first.
 deck-config-workload-factor-change = Approximate workload: {$factor}x
     (compared to {$previousDR}% desired retention)
@@ -505,7 +496,10 @@ deck-config-desired-retention-below-optimal = Your desired retention is below op
 # Description of the y axis in the FSRS simulation
 # diagram (Deck options -> FSRS) showing the total number of
 # cards that can be recalled or retrieved on a specific date.
-deck-config-fsrs-simulator-experimental = FSRS simulator (experimental)
+deck-config-fsrs-simulator-experimental = FSRS Simulator (Experimental)
+deck-config-fsrs-simulate-desired-retention-experimental = FSRS Desired Retention Simulator (Experimental)
+deck-config-fsrs-simulate-save-preset = After optimizing, please save your deck preset before running the simulator.
+deck-config-fsrs-desired-retention-help-me-decide-experimental = Help Me Decide (Experimental)
 deck-config-additional-new-cards-to-simulate = Additional new cards to simulate
 deck-config-simulate = Simulate
 deck-config-clear-last-simulate = Clear Last Simulation
@@ -519,6 +513,9 @@ deck-config-save-options-to-preset-confirm = Overwrite the options in your curre
 # to show the total number of cards that can be recalled or retrieved on a
 # specific date.
 deck-config-fsrs-simulator-radio-memorized = Memorized
+deck-config-fsrs-simulator-radio-ratio = Time / Memorized Ratio
+# $time here is pre-formatted e.g. "10 Seconds" 
+deck-config-fsrs-simulator-ratio-tooltip = { $time } per memorized card
 
 ## Messages related to the FSRS scheduler’s health check. The health check determines whether the correlation between FSRS predictions and your memory is good or bad. It can be optionally triggered as part of the "Optimize" function.
 
@@ -528,7 +525,7 @@ deck-config-health-check = Check health when optimizing
 deck-config-fsrs-bad-fit-warning = Health Check:
     Your memory is difficult for FSRS to predict. Recommendations:
 
-    - Suspend or reformulate leeches.
+    - Suspend or reformulate any cards you constantly forget.
     - Use the answer buttons consistently. Keep in mind that "Hard" is a passing grade, not a failing grade.
     - Understand before you memorize.
 
@@ -539,6 +536,17 @@ deck-config-fsrs-good-fit = Health Check:
 
 ## NO NEED TO TRANSLATE. This text is no longer used by Anki, and will be removed in the future.
 
+deck-config-unable-to-determine-desired-retention =
+    Unable to determine a minimum recommended retention.
+deck-config-predicted-minimum-recommended-retention = Minimum recommended retention: { $num }
+deck-config-compute-minimum-recommended-retention = Minimum recommended retention
+deck-config-compute-optimal-retention-tooltip4 =
+    This tool will attempt to find the desired retention value 
+    that will lead to the most material learnt, in the least amount of time. The calculated number can serve as a reference
+    when deciding what to set your desired retention to. You may wish to choose a higher desired retention if you’re 
+    willing to invest more study time to achieve it. Setting your desired retention lower than the minimum
+    is not recommended, as it will lead to a higher workload, because of the high forgetting rate.
+deck-config-plotted-on-x-axis = (Plotted on the X-axis)
 deck-config-a-100-day-interval = 
     { $days ->
         [one] A 100 day interval will become { $days } day.

ftl/core/studying.ftl

@@ -46,6 +46,20 @@ studying-type-answer-unknown-field = Type answer: unknown field { $val }
 studying-unbury = Unbury
 studying-what-would-you-like-to-unbury = What would you like to unbury?
 studying-you-havent-recorded-your-voice-yet = You haven't recorded your voice yet.
+studying-card-studied-in-minute =
+    { $cards ->
+        [one] { $cards } card
+       *[other] { $cards } cards
+    } studied in
+    { $minutes ->
+        [one] { $minutes } minute.
+       *[other] { $minutes } minutes.
+    }
+studying-question-time-elapsed = Question time elapsed
+studying-answer-time-elapsed = Answer time elapsed
+
+## OBSOLETE; you do not need to translate this
+
 studying-card-studied-in =
     { $count ->
         [one] { $count } card studied in
@@ -56,5 +70,3 @@ studying-minute =
         [one] { $count } minute.
        *[other] { $count } minutes.
     }
-studying-question-time-elapsed = Question time elapsed
-studying-answer-time-elapsed = Answer time elapsed

ftl/qt-repo

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 9aa63c335c61b30421d39cf43fd8e3975179059c
+Subproject commit fd5f984785ad07a0d3dbd893ee3d7e3671eaebd6

package.json

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
     "resolutions": {
         "canvas": "npm:empty-npm-package@1.0.0",
         "cookie": "0.7.0",
+        "devalue": "^5.3.2",
         "vite": "6"
     },
     "browserslist": [

proto/anki/deck_config.proto

@@ -40,12 +40,10 @@ message DeckConfigId {
 message GetRetentionWorkloadRequest {
   repeated float w = 1;
   string search = 2;
-  float before = 3;
-  float after = 4;
 }
 
 message GetRetentionWorkloadResponse {
-  float factor = 1;
+  map<uint32, float> costs = 1;
 }
 
 message GetIgnoredBeforeCountRequest {
@@ -219,6 +217,8 @@ message DeckConfigsForUpdate {
       bool review_today_active = 5;
       // Whether new_today applies to today or a past day.
       bool new_today_active = 6;
+      // Deck-specific desired retention override
+      optional float desired_retention = 7;
     }
     string name = 1;
     int64 config_id = 2;

proto/anki/decks.proto

@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ message Deck {
     optional uint32 new_limit = 7;
     DayLimit review_limit_today = 8;
     DayLimit new_limit_today = 9;
+    // Deck-specific desired retention override
+    optional float desired_retention = 10;
 
     reserved 12 to 15;
   }

proto/anki/frontend.proto

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ service FrontendService {
   rpc deckOptionsRequireClose(generic.Empty) returns (generic.Empty);
   // Warns python that the deck option web view is ready to receive requests.
   rpc deckOptionsReady(generic.Empty) returns (generic.Empty);
+
+  // Save colour picker's custom colour palette
+  rpc SaveCustomColours(generic.Empty) returns (generic.Empty);
 }
 
 service BackendFrontendService {}

proto/anki/notes.proto

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ message AddNoteRequest {
 }
 
 message AddNoteResponse {
-  collection.OpChanges changes = 1;
+  collection.OpChangesWithCount changes = 1;
   int64 note_id = 2;
 }
 

proto/anki/scheduler.proto

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ service SchedulerService {
       returns (ComputeOptimalRetentionResponse);
   rpc SimulateFsrsReview(SimulateFsrsReviewRequest)
       returns (SimulateFsrsReviewResponse);
+  rpc SimulateFsrsWorkload(SimulateFsrsReviewRequest)
+      returns (SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse);
   rpc EvaluateParams(EvaluateParamsRequest) returns (EvaluateParamsResponse);
   rpc EvaluateParamsLegacy(EvaluateParamsLegacyRequest)
       returns (EvaluateParamsResponse);
@@ -405,6 +407,8 @@ message SimulateFsrsReviewRequest {
   deck_config.DeckConfig.Config.ReviewCardOrder review_order = 11;
   optional uint32 suspend_after_lapse_count = 12;
   float historical_retention = 13;
+  uint32 learning_step_count = 14;
+  uint32 relearning_step_count = 15;
 }
 
 message SimulateFsrsReviewResponse {
@@ -414,6 +418,12 @@ message SimulateFsrsReviewResponse {
   repeated float daily_time_cost = 4;
 }
 
+message SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse {
+  map<uint32, float> cost = 1;
+  map<uint32, float> memorized = 2;
+  map<uint32, uint32> review_count = 3;
+}
+
 message ComputeOptimalRetentionResponse {
   float optimal_retention = 1;
 }

proto/anki/search.proto

@@ -74,10 +74,15 @@ message SearchNode {
     repeated SearchNode nodes = 1;
     Joiner joiner = 2;
   }
+  enum FieldSearchMode {
+    FIELD_SEARCH_MODE_NORMAL = 0;
+    FIELD_SEARCH_MODE_REGEX = 1;
+    FIELD_SEARCH_MODE_NOCOMBINING = 2;
+  }
   message Field {
     string field_name = 1;
     string text = 2;
-    bool is_re = 3;
+    FieldSearchMode mode = 3;
   }
 
   oneof filter {

pylib/anki/_backend.py

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ def backend_exception_to_pylib(err: backend_pb2.BackendError) -> Exception:
         return BackendError(err.message, help_page, context, backtrace)
 
     elif val == kind.SEARCH_ERROR:
-        return SearchError(markdown(err.message), help_page, context, backtrace)
+        return SearchError(err.message, help_page, context, backtrace)
 
     elif val == kind.UNDO_EMPTY:
         return UndoEmpty(err.message, help_page, context, backtrace)

pylib/anki/cards.py

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ class Card(DeprecatedNamesMixin):
             memory_state=self.memory_state,
             desired_retention=self.desired_retention,
             decay=self.decay,
+            last_review_time_secs=self.last_review_time,
         )
 
     @deprecated(info="please use col.update_card()")

pylib/anki/collection.py

@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ class Collection(DeprecatedNamesMixin):
     def new_note(self, notetype: NotetypeDict) -> Note:
         return Note(self, notetype)
 
-    def add_note(self, note: Note, deck_id: DeckId) -> OpChanges:
+    def add_note(self, note: Note, deck_id: DeckId) -> OpChangesWithCount:
         hooks.note_will_be_added(self, note, deck_id)
         out = self._backend.add_note(note=note._to_backend_note(), deck_id=deck_id)
         note.id = NoteId(out.note_id)

pylib/anki/foreign_data/mnemosyne.py

@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ class MnemoFact:
     def fact_view(self) -> type[MnemoFactView]:
         try:
             fact_view = self.cards[0].fact_view_id
-        except IndexError as err:
+        except IndexError:
-            raise Exception(f"Fact {id} has no cards") from err
+            return FrontOnly
 
         if fact_view.startswith("1.") or fact_view.startswith("1::"):
             return FrontOnly
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class MnemoFact:
         elif fact_view.startswith("5.1"):
             return Cloze
 
-        raise Exception(f"Fact {id} has unknown fact view: {fact_view}")
+        raise Exception(f"Fact {self.id} has unknown fact view: {fact_view}")
 
     def anki_fields(self, fact_view: type[MnemoFactView]) -> list[str]:
         return [munge_field(self.fields.get(k, "")) for k in fact_view.field_keys]

pylib/anki/lang.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ langs = sorted(
         ("ଓଡ଼ିଆ", "or_OR"),
         ("Filipino", "tl"),
         ("ئۇيغۇر", "ug"),
-        ("Oʻzbek", "uz_UZ"),
+        ("Oʻzbekcha", "uz_UZ"),
     ]
 )
 

qt/aqt/addcards.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable
 import aqt.editor
 import aqt.forms
 from anki._legacy import deprecated
-from anki.collection import OpChanges, SearchNode
+from anki.collection import OpChanges, OpChangesWithCount, SearchNode
 from anki.decks import DeckId
 from anki.models import NotetypeId
 from anki.notes import Note, NoteFieldsCheckResult, NoteId
@@ -294,13 +294,13 @@ class AddCards(QMainWindow):
 
         target_deck_id = self.deck_chooser.selected_deck_id
 
-        def on_success(changes: OpChanges) -> None:
+        def on_success(changes: OpChangesWithCount) -> None:
             # only used for detecting changed sticky fields on close
             self._last_added_note = note
 
             self.addHistory(note)
 
-            tooltip(tr.adding_added(), period=500)
+            tooltip(tr.importing_cards_added(count=changes.count), period=500)
             av_player.stop_and_clear_queue()
             self._load_new_note(sticky_fields_from=note)
             gui_hooks.add_cards_did_add_note(note)

qt/aqt/browser/browser.py

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import re
 from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from typing import Any, cast
 
+from markdown import markdown
+
 import aqt
 import aqt.browser
 import aqt.editor
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ from anki.cards import Card, CardId
 from anki.collection import Collection, Config, OpChanges, SearchNode
 from anki.consts import *
 from anki.decks import DeckId
-from anki.errors import NotFoundError
+from anki.errors import NotFoundError, SearchError
 from anki.lang import without_unicode_isolation
 from anki.models import NotetypeId
 from anki.notes import NoteId
@@ -498,6 +500,8 @@ class Browser(QMainWindow):
         text = self.current_search()
         try:
             normed = self.col.build_search_string(text)
+        except SearchError as err:
+            showWarning(markdown(str(err)))
         except Exception as err:
             showWarning(str(err))
         else:

qt/aqt/browser/card_info.py

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class CardInfoDialog(QDialog):
 
     def _setup_ui(self, card_id: CardId | None) -> None:
         self.mw.garbage_collect_on_dialog_finish(self)
+        self.setMinimumSize(400, 300)
         disable_help_button(self)
         restoreGeom(self, self.GEOMETRY_KEY, default_size=(800, 800))
         add_close_shortcut(self)

qt/aqt/browser/previewer.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import aqt.browser
 from anki.cards import Card
 from anki.collection import Config
 from anki.tags import MARKED_TAG
-from aqt import AnkiQt, gui_hooks
+from aqt import AnkiQt, gui_hooks, is_mac
 from aqt.qt import (
     QCheckBox,
     QDialog,
@@ -81,10 +81,15 @@ class Previewer(QDialog):
         qconnect(self.finished, self._on_finished)
         self.silentlyClose = True
         self.vbox = QVBoxLayout()
+        spacing = 6
         self.vbox.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        self.vbox.setSpacing(spacing)
         self._web: AnkiWebView | None = AnkiWebView(kind=AnkiWebViewKind.PREVIEWER)
         self.vbox.addWidget(self._web)
         self.bbox = QDialogButtonBox()
+        self.bbox.setContentsMargins(
+            spacing, spacing if is_mac else 0, spacing, spacing
+        )
         self.bbox.setLayoutDirection(Qt.LayoutDirection.LeftToRight)
 
         gui_hooks.card_review_webview_did_init(self._web, AnkiWebViewKind.PREVIEWER)

qt/aqt/data/qt/icons/media-record.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<svg width="21" height="21" viewBox="0 0 21 21" version="1.1"
+     xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+  <g id="Layer-1" transform="translate(0.5,0.5)">
+    <rect x="0" y="0" width="20" height="20" fill="none"/>
+    <g transform="translate(14.8974,6.3648)">
+      <path d="M0,0C0,3.403 -2.042,6.161 -4.56,6.161C-7.078,6.161 -9.12,3.403 -9.12,0C-9.12,-3.403 -7.078,-6.161 -4.56,-6.161C-2.042,-6.161 0,-3.403 0,0"
+            fill="black" fill-rule="nonzero"/>
+    </g>
+    <g transform="matrix(0,-1,-1,0,10.3374,1.8048)">
+      <ellipse cx="-4.56" cy="0" rx="6.161" ry="4.56"
+               fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="0.25"/>
+    </g>
+    <g transform="translate(3.1987,14.4958)">
+      <path d="M0,-9.484C-0.76,-4.212 3.287,0 7.12,-0.046C10.864,-0.09 14.742,-4.199 14.076,-9.343"
+            fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill-rule="nonzero"/>
+    </g>
+    <g transform="matrix(-1,0,0,1,20.573,18.613)">
+      <rect x="5.387" y="0.601" width="9.799" height="0.185"
+            fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/>
+    </g>
+    <g transform="matrix(-1,0,0,1,20.741,13.51)">
+      <rect x="9.899" y="1.163" width="0.943" height="4.164"
+            fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/>
+    </g>
+  </g>
+</svg>

qt/aqt/editor.py

@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ class Editor:
         self.add_webview()
         self.setupWeb()
         self.setupShortcuts()
+        self.setupColourPalette()
         gui_hooks.editor_did_init(self)
 
     # Initial setup
@@ -349,6 +350,14 @@ require("anki/ui").loaded.then(() => require("anki/NoteEditor").instances[0].too
                 keys, fn, _ = row
             QShortcut(QKeySequence(keys), self.widget, activated=fn)  # type: ignore
 
+    def setupColourPalette(self) -> None:
+        if not (colors := self.mw.col.get_config("customColorPickerPalette")):
+            return
+        for i, colour in enumerate(colors[: QColorDialog.customCount()]):
+            if not QColor.isValidColorName(colour):
+                continue
+            QColorDialog.setCustomColor(i, QColor.fromString(colour))
+
     def _addFocusCheck(self, fn: Callable) -> Callable:
         def checkFocus() -> None:
             if self.currentField is None:

qt/aqt/mediasrv.py

@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ def update_deck_configs() -> bytes:
             update.abort = True
 
     def on_success(changes: OpChanges) -> None:
-        if isinstance(window := aqt.mw.app.activeWindow(), DeckOptionsDialog):
+        if isinstance(window := aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget(), DeckOptionsDialog):
             window.reject()
 
     def handle_on_main() -> None:
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ def set_scheduling_states() -> bytes:
 
 def import_done() -> bytes:
     def update_window_modality() -> None:
-        if window := aqt.mw.app.activeWindow():
+        if window := aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget():
             from aqt.import_export.import_dialog import ImportDialog
 
             if isinstance(window, ImportDialog):
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ def import_request(endpoint: str) -> bytes:
     response.ParseFromString(output)
 
     def handle_on_main() -> None:
-        window = aqt.mw.app.activeWindow()
+        window = aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget()
         on_op_finished(aqt.mw, response, window)
 
     aqt.mw.taskman.run_on_main(handle_on_main)
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ def change_notetype() -> bytes:
     data = request.data
 
     def handle_on_main() -> None:
-        window = aqt.mw.app.activeWindow()
+        window = aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget()
         if isinstance(window, ChangeNotetypeDialog):
             window.save(data)
 
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ def change_notetype() -> bytes:
 
 def deck_options_require_close() -> bytes:
     def handle_on_main() -> None:
-        window = aqt.mw.app.activeWindow()
+        window = aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget()
         if isinstance(window, DeckOptionsDialog):
             window.require_close()
 
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ def deck_options_require_close() -> bytes:
 
 def deck_options_ready() -> bytes:
     def handle_on_main() -> None:
-        window = aqt.mw.app.activeWindow()
+        window = aqt.mw.app.activeModalWidget()
         if isinstance(window, DeckOptionsDialog):
             window.set_ready()
 
@@ -599,6 +599,15 @@ def deck_options_ready() -> bytes:
     return b""
 
 
+def save_custom_colours() -> bytes:
+    colors = [
+        QColorDialog.customColor(i).name(QColor.NameFormat.HexArgb)
+        for i in range(QColorDialog.customCount())
+    ]
+    aqt.mw.col.set_config("customColorPickerPalette", colors)
+    return b""
+
+
 post_handler_list = [
     congrats_info,
     get_deck_configs_for_update,
@@ -614,6 +623,7 @@ post_handler_list = [
     search_in_browser,
     deck_options_require_close,
     deck_options_ready,
+    save_custom_colours,
 ]
 
 
@@ -654,6 +664,7 @@ exposed_backend_list = [
     "evaluate_params_legacy",
     "get_optimal_retention_parameters",
     "simulate_fsrs_review",
+    "simulate_fsrs_workload",
     # DeckConfigService
     "get_ignored_before_count",
     "get_retention_workload",

qt/aqt/operations/note.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def add_note(
     parent: QWidget,
     note: Note,
     target_deck_id: DeckId,
-) -> CollectionOp[OpChanges]:
+) -> CollectionOp[OpChangesWithCount]:
     return CollectionOp(parent, lambda col: col.add_note(note, target_deck_id))
 
 

qt/aqt/package.py

@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ def update_and_restart() -> None:
 
     with contextlib.suppress(ResourceWarning):
         env = os.environ.copy()
+        env["ANKI_LAUNCHER_WANT_TERMINAL"] = "1"
         # fixes a bug where launcher fails to appear if opening it
         # straight after updating
         if "GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN" in env:
@@ -156,12 +157,15 @@ def update_and_restart() -> None:
             creationflags = (
                 subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP | subprocess.DETACHED_PROCESS
             )
+        # On Windows 10, changing the handles breaks ANSI display
+        io = None if sys.platform == "win32" else subprocess.DEVNULL
+
         subprocess.Popen(
             [launcher],
             start_new_session=True,
-            stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stdin=io,
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stdout=io,
-            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=io,
             env=env,
             creationflags=creationflags,
         )

qt/aqt/reviewer.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import aqt.browser
 import aqt.operations
 from anki.cards import Card, CardId
 from anki.collection import Config, OpChanges, OpChangesWithCount
+from anki.lang import with_collapsed_whitespace
 from anki.scheduler.base import ScheduleCardsAsNew
 from anki.scheduler.v3 import (
     CardAnswer,
@@ -966,11 +967,15 @@ timerStopped = false;
         elapsed = self.mw.col.timeboxReached()
         if elapsed:
             assert not isinstance(elapsed, bool)
-            part1 = tr.studying_card_studied_in(count=elapsed[1])
+            cards_val = elapsed[1]
-            mins = int(round(elapsed[0] / 60))
+            minutes_val = int(round(elapsed[0] / 60))
-            part2 = tr.studying_minute(count=mins)
+            message = with_collapsed_whitespace(
+                tr.studying_card_studied_in_minute(
+                    cards=cards_val, minutes=str(minutes_val)
+                )
+            )
             fin = tr.studying_finish()
-            diag = askUserDialog(f"{part1} {part2}", [tr.studying_continue(), fin])
+            diag = askUserDialog(message, [tr.studying_continue(), fin])
             diag.setIcon(QMessageBox.Icon.Information)
             if diag.run() == fin:
                 self.mw.moveToState("deckBrowser")

qt/aqt/sound.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from aqt._macos_helper import macos_helper
 from aqt.mpv import MPV, MPVBase, MPVCommandError
 from aqt.qt import *
 from aqt.taskman import TaskManager
+from aqt.theme import theme_manager
 from aqt.utils import (
     disable_help_button,
     restoreGeom,
@@ -630,18 +631,44 @@ class QtAudioInputRecorder(Recorder):
         self.mw = mw
         self._parent = parent
 
-        from PyQt6.QtMultimedia import QAudioFormat, QAudioSource  # type: ignore
+        from PyQt6.QtMultimedia import QAudioSource, QMediaDevices  # type: ignore
 
-        format = QAudioFormat()
+        # Get the default audio input device
-        format.setChannelCount(1)
+        device = QMediaDevices.defaultAudioInput()
-        format.setSampleRate(44100)
-        format.setSampleFormat(QAudioFormat.SampleFormat.Int16)
 
-        source = QAudioSource(format, parent)
+        # Try to use Int16 format first (avoids conversion)
+        preferred_format = device.preferredFormat()
+        int16_format = preferred_format
+        int16_format.setSampleFormat(preferred_format.SampleFormat.Int16)
 
+        if device.isFormatSupported(int16_format):
+            # Use Int16 if supported
+            format = int16_format
+        else:
+            # Fall back to device's preferred format
+            format = preferred_format
+
+        # Create the audio source with the chosen format
+        source = QAudioSource(device, format, parent)
+
+        # Store the actual format being used
         self._format = source.format()
         self._audio_input = source
 
+    def _convert_float_to_int16(self, float_buffer: bytearray) -> bytes:
+        """Convert float32 audio samples to int16 format for WAV output."""
+        import struct
+
+        float_count = len(float_buffer) // 4  # 4 bytes per float32
+        floats = struct.unpack(f"{float_count}f", float_buffer)
+
+        # Convert to int16 range, clipping and scaling in one step
+        int16_samples = [
+            max(-32768, min(32767, int(max(-1.0, min(1.0, f)) * 32767))) for f in floats
+        ]
+
+        return struct.pack(f"{len(int16_samples)}h", *int16_samples)
+
     def start(self, on_done: Callable[[], None]) -> None:
         self._iodevice = self._audio_input.start()
         self._buffer = bytearray()
@@ -664,18 +691,32 @@ class QtAudioInputRecorder(Recorder):
                 return
 
             def write_file() -> None:
-                # swallow the first 300ms to allow audio device to quiesce
+                from PyQt6.QtMultimedia import QAudioFormat
-                wait = int(44100 * self.STARTUP_DELAY)
-                if len(self._buffer) <= wait:
-                    return
-                self._buffer = self._buffer[wait:]
 
-                # write out the wave file
+                # swallow the first 300ms to allow audio device to quiesce
+                bytes_per_frame = self._format.bytesPerFrame()
+                frames_to_skip = int(self._format.sampleRate() * self.STARTUP_DELAY)
+                bytes_to_skip = frames_to_skip * bytes_per_frame
+
+                if len(self._buffer) <= bytes_to_skip:
+                    return
+                self._buffer = self._buffer[bytes_to_skip:]
+
+                # Check if we need to convert float samples to int16
+                if self._format.sampleFormat() == QAudioFormat.SampleFormat.Float:
+                    audio_data = self._convert_float_to_int16(self._buffer)
+                    sample_width = 2  # int16 is 2 bytes
+                else:
+                    # For integer formats, use the data as-is
+                    audio_data = bytes(self._buffer)
+                    sample_width = self._format.bytesPerSample()
+
+                # write out the wave file with the correct format parameters
                 wf = wave.open(self.output_path, "wb")
                 wf.setnchannels(self._format.channelCount())
-                wf.setsampwidth(2)
+                wf.setsampwidth(sample_width)
                 wf.setframerate(self._format.sampleRate())
-                wf.writeframes(self._buffer)
+                wf.writeframes(audio_data)
                 wf.close()
 
             def and_then(fut: Future) -> None:
@@ -743,7 +784,8 @@ class RecordDialog(QDialog):
     def _setup_dialog(self) -> None:
         self.setWindowTitle("Anki")
         icon = QLabel()
-        icon.setPixmap(QPixmap("icons:media-record.png"))
+        qicon = theme_manager.icon_from_resources("icons:media-record.svg")
+        icon.setPixmap(qicon.pixmap(60, 60))
         self.label = QLabel("...")
         hbox = QHBoxLayout()
         hbox.addWidget(icon)

qt/aqt/stylesheets.py

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class CustomStyles:
     QPushButton {{
         margin: 1px;
     }}
-    QPushButton:focus {{
+    QPushButton:focus, QPushButton:default:hover {{
         border: 2px solid {tm.var(colors.BORDER_FOCUS)};
         outline: none;
         margin: 0px;
@@ -199,9 +199,6 @@ class CustomStyles:
             )
         };
     }}
-    QPushButton:default:hover {{
-        border-width: 2px;
-    }}
     QPushButton:pressed,
     QPushButton:checked,
     QSpinBox::up-button:pressed,

qt/aqt/sync.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def handle_sync_error(mw: aqt.main.AnkiQt, err: Exception) -> None:
     elif isinstance(err, Interrupted):
         # no message to show
         return
-    show_warning(str(err))
+    show_warning(str(err), parent=mw)
 
 
 def on_normal_sync_timer(mw: aqt.main.AnkiQt) -> None:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def sync_collection(mw: aqt.main.AnkiQt, on_done: Callable[[], None]) -> None:
         if out.new_endpoint:
             mw.pm.set_current_sync_url(out.new_endpoint)
         if out.server_message:
-            showText(out.server_message)
+            showText(out.server_message, parent=mw)
         if out.required == out.NO_CHANGES:
             tooltip(parent=mw, msg=tr.sync_collection_complete())
             # all done; track media progress

qt/aqt/theme.py

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class ThemeManager:
         # Workaround for Qt bug. First attempt was percent-escaping the chars,
         # but Qt can't handle that.
         # https://forum.qt.io/topic/55274/solved-qss-with-special-characters/11
-        path = re.sub(r"([\u00A1-\u00FF])", r"\\\1", path)
+        path = re.sub(r"(['\u00A1-\u00FF])", r"\\\1", path)
         return path
 
     def icon_from_resources(self, path: str | ColoredIcon) -> QIcon:

qt/aqt/utils.py

@@ -226,29 +226,45 @@ def ask_user_dialog(
     )
 
 
-def show_info(text: str, callback: Callable | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> MessageBox:
+def show_info(
+    text: str,
+    callback: Callable | None = None,
+    parent: QWidget | None = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> MessageBox:
     "Show a small info window with an OK button."
     if "icon" not in kwargs:
         kwargs["icon"] = QMessageBox.Icon.Information
     return MessageBox(
         text,
         callback=(lambda _: callback()) if callback is not None else None,
+        parent=parent,
         **kwargs,
     )
 
 
 def show_warning(
-    text: str, callback: Callable | None = None, **kwargs: Any
+    text: str,
+    callback: Callable | None = None,
+    parent: QWidget | None = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> MessageBox:
     "Show a small warning window with an OK button."
-    return show_info(text, icon=QMessageBox.Icon.Warning, callback=callback, **kwargs)
+    return show_info(
+        text, icon=QMessageBox.Icon.Warning, callback=callback, parent=parent, **kwargs
+    )
 
 
 def show_critical(
-    text: str, callback: Callable | None = None, **kwargs: Any
+    text: str,
+    callback: Callable | None = None,
+    parent: QWidget | None = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> MessageBox:
     "Show a small critical error window with an OK button."
-    return show_info(text, icon=QMessageBox.Icon.Critical, callback=callback, **kwargs)
+    return show_info(
+        text, icon=QMessageBox.Icon.Critical, callback=callback, parent=parent, **kwargs
+    )
 
 
 def showWarning(

qt/launcher/addon/__init__.py

@@ -90,17 +90,21 @@ def update_and_restart() -> None:
 
     with contextlib.suppress(ResourceWarning):
         env = os.environ.copy()
+        env["ANKI_LAUNCHER_WANT_TERMINAL"] = "1"
         creationflags = 0
         if sys.platform == "win32":
             creationflags = (
                 subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP | subprocess.DETACHED_PROCESS
             )
+        # On Windows, changing the handles breaks ANSI display
+        io = None if sys.platform == "win32" else subprocess.DEVNULL
+
         subprocess.Popen(
             [launcher],
             start_new_session=True,
-            stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stdin=io,
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stdout=io,
-            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=io,
             env=env,
             creationflags=creationflags,
         )

qt/launcher/mac/build.sh

@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ lipo -create \
     -output "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/launcher"
 cp "$OUTPUT_DIR/uv" "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/"
 
+# Build install_name_tool stub
+clang -arch arm64 -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_arm64" stub.c
+clang -arch x86_64 -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_x86_64" stub.c
+lipo -create "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_arm64" "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_x86_64" -output "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/install_name_tool"
+rm "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_arm64" "$OUTPUT_DIR/stub_x86_64"
+
 # Copy support files
 ANKI_VERSION=$(cat ../../../.version | tr -d '\n')
 sed "s/ANKI_VERSION/$ANKI_VERSION/g" Info.plist > "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/Info.plist"
@@ -38,8 +44,9 @@ cp ../pyproject.toml "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/Resources/"
 cp ../../../.python-version "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/Resources/"
 cp ../versions.py "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/Resources/"
 
-# Codesign
+# Codesign/bundle
-for i in "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/uv" "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/launcher" "$APP_LAUNCHER"; do
+if [ -z "$NODMG" ]; then
+    for i in "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/uv" "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/install_name_tool" "$APP_LAUNCHER/Contents/MacOS/launcher" "$APP_LAUNCHER"; do
         codesign --force -vvvv -o runtime -s "Developer ID Application:" \
         --entitlements entitlements.python.xml \
         "$i"
@@ -49,8 +56,7 @@ done
     codesign -vvv "$APP_LAUNCHER"
     spctl -a "$APP_LAUNCHER"
 
-# Notarize and bundle (skip if NODMG is set)
+    # Notarize and build dmg
-if [ -z "$NODMG" ]; then
     ./notarize.sh "$OUTPUT_DIR"
     ./dmg/build.sh "$OUTPUT_DIR"
 fi

qt/launcher/mac/stub.c

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
+// License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
+
+int main(void) {
+    return 0;
+}

qt/launcher/src/main.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use std::time::SystemTime;
 use std::time::UNIX_EPOCH;
 
 use anki_io::copy_file;
-use anki_io::copy_if_newer;
 use anki_io::create_dir_all;
 use anki_io::modified_time;
 use anki_io::read_file;
@@ -47,9 +46,13 @@ struct State {
     uv_lock_path: std::path::PathBuf,
     sync_complete_marker: std::path::PathBuf,
     launcher_trigger_file: std::path::PathBuf,
+    mirror_path: std::path::PathBuf,
     pyproject_modified_by_user: bool,
     previous_version: Option<String>,
     resources_dir: std::path::PathBuf,
+    venv_folder: std::path::PathBuf,
+    /// system Python + PyQt6 library mode
+    system_qt: bool,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ pub enum MainMenuChoice {
     Version(VersionKind),
     ToggleBetas,
     ToggleCache,
+    DownloadMirror,
     Uninstall,
 }
 
@@ -86,9 +90,13 @@ fn main() {
 }
 
 fn run() -> Result<()> {
-    let uv_install_root = dirs::data_local_dir()
+    let uv_install_root = if let Ok(custom_root) = std::env::var("ANKI_LAUNCHER_VENV_ROOT") {
+        std::path::PathBuf::from(custom_root)
+    } else {
+        dirs::data_local_dir()
             .context("Unable to determine data_dir")?
-        .join("AnkiProgramFiles");
+            .join("AnkiProgramFiles")
+    };
 
     let (exe_dir, resources_dir) = get_exe_and_resources_dirs()?;
 
@@ -108,9 +116,13 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
         uv_lock_path: uv_install_root.join("uv.lock"),
         sync_complete_marker: uv_install_root.join(".sync_complete"),
         launcher_trigger_file: uv_install_root.join(".want-launcher"),
+        mirror_path: uv_install_root.join("mirror"),
         pyproject_modified_by_user: false, // calculated later
         previous_version: None,
+        system_qt: (cfg!(unix) && !cfg!(target_os = "macos"))
+            && resources_dir.join("system_qt").exists(),
         resources_dir,
+        venv_folder: uv_install_root.join(".venv"),
     };
 
     // Check for uninstall request from Windows uninstaller
@@ -120,15 +132,11 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
         return Ok(());
     }
 
-    // Create install directory and copy project files in
+    // Create install directory
     create_dir_all(&state.uv_install_root)?;
-    copy_if_newer(&state.dist_pyproject_path, &state.user_pyproject_path)?;
-    copy_if_newer(
-        &state.dist_python_version_path,
-        &state.user_python_version_path,
-    )?;
 
-    let launcher_requested = state.launcher_trigger_file.exists();
+    let launcher_requested =
+        state.launcher_trigger_file.exists() || !state.user_pyproject_path.exists();
 
     // Calculate whether user has custom edits that need syncing
     let pyproject_time = file_timestamp_secs(&state.user_pyproject_path);
@@ -158,15 +166,10 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
 
     check_versions(&mut state);
 
-    let first_run = !state.uv_install_root.join(".venv").exists();
-    if first_run {
-        handle_version_install_or_update(&state, MainMenuChoice::Latest)?;
-    } else {
     main_menu_loop(&state)?;
-    }
 
     // Write marker file to indicate we've completed the sync process
-    write_sync_marker(&state.sync_complete_marker)?;
+    write_sync_marker(&state)?;
 
     #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
     {
@@ -192,13 +195,15 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn extract_aqt_version(
+fn extract_aqt_version(state: &State) -> Option<String> {
-    uv_path: &std::path::Path,
+    // Check if .venv exists first
-    uv_install_root: &std::path::Path,
+    if !state.venv_folder.exists() {
-) -> Option<String> {
+        return None;
-    let output = Command::new(uv_path)
+    }
-        .current_dir(uv_install_root)
+
-        .env("VIRTUAL_ENV", uv_install_root.join(".venv"))
+    let output = uv_command(state)
+        .ok()?
+        .env("VIRTUAL_ENV", &state.venv_folder)
         .args(["pip", "show", "aqt"])
         .output()
         .ok()?;
@@ -223,7 +228,7 @@ fn check_versions(state: &mut State) {
     }
 
     // Determine current version by invoking uv pip show aqt
-    match extract_aqt_version(&state.uv_path, &state.uv_install_root) {
+    match extract_aqt_version(state) {
         Some(version) => {
             state.current_version = Some(version);
         }
@@ -248,12 +253,12 @@ fn handle_version_install_or_update(state: &State, choice: MainMenuChoice) -> Re
     update_pyproject_for_version(choice.clone(), state)?;
 
     // Extract current version before syncing (but don't write to file yet)
-    let previous_version_to_save = extract_aqt_version(&state.uv_path, &state.uv_install_root);
+    let previous_version_to_save = extract_aqt_version(state);
 
     // Remove sync marker before attempting sync
     let _ = remove_file(&state.sync_complete_marker);
 
-    println!("\x1B[1mUpdating Anki...\x1B[0m\n");
+    println!("Updating Anki...\n");
 
     let python_version_trimmed = if state.user_python_version_path.exists() {
         let python_version = read_file(&state.user_python_version_path)?;
@@ -265,25 +270,65 @@ fn handle_version_install_or_update(state: &State, choice: MainMenuChoice) -> Re
     };
 
     // Prepare to sync the venv
-    let mut command = Command::new(&state.uv_path);
+    let mut command = uv_command(state)?;
-    command.current_dir(&state.uv_install_root);
 
-    // remove UV_* environment variables to avoid interference
+    if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
-    for (key, _) in std::env::vars() {
+        // remove CONDA_PREFIX/bin from PATH to avoid conda interference
-        if key.starts_with("UV_") || key == "VIRTUAL_ENV" {
+        if let Ok(conda_prefix) = std::env::var("CONDA_PREFIX") {
-            command.env_remove(key);
+            if let Ok(current_path) = std::env::var("PATH") {
+                let conda_bin = format!("{conda_prefix}/bin");
+                let filtered_paths: Vec<&str> = current_path
+                    .split(':')
+                    .filter(|&path| path != conda_bin)
+                    .collect();
+                let new_path = filtered_paths.join(":");
+                command.env("PATH", new_path);
             }
         }
+        // put our fake install_name_tool at the top of the path to override
+        // potential conflicts
+        if let Ok(current_path) = std::env::var("PATH") {
+            let exe_dir = std::env::current_exe()
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|exe| exe.parent().map(|p| p.to_path_buf()));
+            if let Some(exe_dir) = exe_dir {
+                let new_path = format!("{}:{}", exe_dir.display(), current_path);
+                command.env("PATH", new_path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Create venv with system site packages if system Qt is enabled
+    if state.system_qt {
+        let mut venv_command = uv_command(state)?;
+        venv_command.args([
+            "venv",
+            "--no-managed-python",
+            "--system-site-packages",
+            "--no-config",
+        ]);
+        venv_command.ensure_success()?;
+    }
 
     command
         .env("UV_CACHE_DIR", &state.uv_cache_dir)
         .env("UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR", &state.uv_python_install_dir)
-        .args(["sync", "--upgrade", "--managed-python", "--no-config"]);
+        .env(
+            "UV_HTTP_TIMEOUT",
+            std::env::var("UV_HTTP_TIMEOUT").unwrap_or_else(|_| "180".to_string()),
+        );
 
-    // Add python version if .python-version file exists
+    command.args(["sync", "--upgrade", "--no-config"]);
+    if !state.system_qt {
+        command.arg("--managed-python");
+    }
+
+    // Add python version if .python-version file exists (but not for system Qt)
     if let Some(version) = &python_version_trimmed {
+        if !state.system_qt {
             command.args(["--python", version]);
         }
+    }
 
     if state.no_cache_marker.exists() {
         command.env("UV_NO_CACHE", "1");
@@ -293,7 +338,7 @@ fn handle_version_install_or_update(state: &State, choice: MainMenuChoice) -> Re
         Ok(_) => {
             // Sync succeeded
             if matches!(&choice, MainMenuChoice::Version(VersionKind::PyOxidizer(_))) {
-                inject_helper_addon(&state.uv_install_root)?;
+                inject_helper_addon()?;
             }
 
             // Now that sync succeeded, save the previous version
@@ -357,6 +402,11 @@ fn main_menu_loop(state: &State) -> Result<()> {
                 println!();
                 continue;
             }
+            MainMenuChoice::DownloadMirror => {
+                show_mirror_submenu(state)?;
+                println!();
+                continue;
+            }
             MainMenuChoice::Uninstall => {
                 if handle_uninstall(state)? {
                     std::process::exit(0);
@@ -364,9 +414,7 @@ fn main_menu_loop(state: &State) -> Result<()> {
                 continue;
             }
             choice @ (MainMenuChoice::Latest | MainMenuChoice::Version(_)) => {
-                if handle_version_install_or_update(state, choice.clone()).is_err() {
+                handle_version_install_or_update(state, choice.clone())?;
-                    continue;
-                }
                 break;
             }
         }
@@ -374,12 +422,12 @@ fn main_menu_loop(state: &State) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn write_sync_marker(sync_complete_marker: &std::path::Path) -> Result<()> {
+fn write_sync_marker(state: &State) -> Result<()> {
     let timestamp = SystemTime::now()
         .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
         .context("Failed to get system time")?
         .as_secs();
-    write_file(sync_complete_marker, timestamp.to_string())?;
+    write_file(&state.sync_complete_marker, timestamp.to_string())?;
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -423,8 +471,13 @@ fn get_main_menu_choice(state: &State) -> Result<MainMenuChoice> {
             "6) Cache downloads: {}",
             if cache_enabled { "on" } else { "off" }
         );
+        let mirror_enabled = is_mirror_enabled(state);
+        println!(
+            "7) Download mirror: {}",
+            if mirror_enabled { "on" } else { "off" }
+        );
         println!();
-        println!("7) Uninstall");
+        println!("8) Uninstall");
         print!("> ");
         let _ = stdout().flush();
 
@@ -463,7 +516,8 @@ fn get_main_menu_choice(state: &State) -> Result<MainMenuChoice> {
             }
             "5" => MainMenuChoice::ToggleBetas,
             "6" => MainMenuChoice::ToggleCache,
-            "7" => MainMenuChoice::Uninstall,
+            "7" => MainMenuChoice::DownloadMirror,
+            "8" => MainMenuChoice::Uninstall,
             _ => {
                 println!("Invalid input. Please try again.");
                 continue;
@@ -473,8 +527,6 @@ fn get_main_menu_choice(state: &State) -> Result<MainMenuChoice> {
 }
 
 fn get_version_kind(state: &State) -> Result<Option<VersionKind>> {
-    println!("Please wait...");
-
     let releases = get_releases(state)?;
     let releases_str = releases
         .latest
@@ -631,17 +683,33 @@ fn filter_and_normalize_versions(
 fn fetch_versions(state: &State) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
     let versions_script = state.resources_dir.join("versions.py");
 
-    let mut cmd = Command::new(&state.uv_path);
+    let mut cmd = uv_command(state)?;
-    cmd.current_dir(&state.uv_install_root)
+    cmd.args(["run", "--no-project", "--no-config", "--managed-python"])
-        .args(["run", "--no-project"])
+        .args(["--with", "pip-system-certs,requests[socks]"]);
-        .arg(&versions_script);
 
-    let output = cmd.utf8_output()?;
+    let python_version = read_file(&state.dist_python_version_path)?;
+    let python_version_str =
+        String::from_utf8(python_version).context("Invalid UTF-8 in .python-version")?;
+    let version_trimmed = python_version_str.trim();
+    if !version_trimmed.is_empty() {
+        cmd.args(["--python", version_trimmed]);
+    }
+
+    cmd.arg(&versions_script);
+
+    let output = match cmd.utf8_output() {
+        Ok(output) => output,
+        Err(e) => {
+            print!("Unable to check for Anki versions. Please check your internet connection.\n\n");
+            return Err(e.into());
+        }
+    };
     let versions = serde_json::from_str(&output.stdout).context("Failed to parse versions JSON")?;
     Ok(versions)
 }
 
 fn get_releases(state: &State) -> Result<Releases> {
+    println!("Checking for updates...");
     let include_prereleases = state.prerelease_marker.exists();
     let all_versions = fetch_versions(state)?;
     let all_versions = filter_and_normalize_versions(all_versions, include_prereleases);
@@ -681,7 +749,26 @@ fn apply_version_kind(version_kind: &VersionKind, state: &State) -> Result<()> {
             &format!("anki-release=={version}\",\n  \"anki=={version}\",\n  \"aqt=={version}"),
         ),
     };
-    write_file(&state.user_pyproject_path, &updated_content)?;
+
+    let final_content = if state.system_qt {
+        format!(
+            concat!(
+                "{}\n\n[tool.uv]\n",
+                "override-dependencies = [\n",
+                "  \"pyqt6; sys_platform=='never'\",\n",
+                "  \"pyqt6-qt6; sys_platform=='never'\",\n",
+                "  \"pyqt6-webengine; sys_platform=='never'\",\n",
+                "  \"pyqt6-webengine-qt6; sys_platform=='never'\",\n",
+                "  \"pyqt6_sip; sys_platform=='never'\"\n",
+                "]\n"
+            ),
+            updated_content
+        )
+    } else {
+        updated_content
+    };
+
+    write_file(&state.user_pyproject_path, &final_content)?;
 
     // Update .python-version based on version kind
     match version_kind {
@@ -715,6 +802,9 @@ fn update_pyproject_for_version(menu_choice: MainMenuChoice, state: &State) -> R
         MainMenuChoice::ToggleCache => {
             unreachable!();
         }
+        MainMenuChoice::DownloadMirror => {
+            unreachable!();
+        }
         MainMenuChoice::Uninstall => {
             unreachable!();
         }
@@ -768,7 +858,7 @@ fn parse_version_kind(version: &str) -> Option<VersionKind> {
     }
 }
 
-fn inject_helper_addon(_uv_install_root: &std::path::Path) -> Result<()> {
+fn inject_helper_addon() -> Result<()> {
     let addons21_path = get_anki_addons21_path()?;
 
     if !addons21_path.exists() {
@@ -870,16 +960,40 @@ fn handle_uninstall(state: &State) -> Result<bool> {
     Ok(true)
 }
 
+fn uv_command(state: &State) -> Result<Command> {
+    let mut command = Command::new(&state.uv_path);
+    command.current_dir(&state.uv_install_root);
+
+    // remove UV_* environment variables to avoid interference
+    for (key, _) in std::env::vars() {
+        if key.starts_with("UV_") {
+            command.env_remove(key);
+        }
+    }
+    command
+        .env_remove("VIRTUAL_ENV")
+        .env_remove("SSLKEYLOGFILE");
+
+    // Add mirror environment variable if enabled
+    if let Some((python_mirror, pypi_mirror)) = get_mirror_urls(state)? {
+        command
+            .env("UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_MIRROR", &python_mirror)
+            .env("UV_DEFAULT_INDEX", &pypi_mirror);
+    }
+
+    Ok(command)
+}
+
 fn build_python_command(state: &State, args: &[String]) -> Result<Command> {
     let python_exe = if cfg!(target_os = "windows") {
         let show_console = std::env::var("ANKI_CONSOLE").is_ok();
         if show_console {
-            state.uv_install_root.join(".venv/Scripts/python.exe")
+            state.venv_folder.join("Scripts/python.exe")
         } else {
-            state.uv_install_root.join(".venv/Scripts/pythonw.exe")
+            state.venv_folder.join("Scripts/pythonw.exe")
         }
     } else {
-        state.uv_install_root.join(".venv/bin/python")
+        state.venv_folder.join("bin/python")
     };
 
     let mut cmd = Command::new(&python_exe);
@@ -892,10 +1006,75 @@ fn build_python_command(state: &State, args: &[String]) -> Result<Command> {
     // Set UV and Python paths for the Python code
     cmd.env("ANKI_LAUNCHER_UV", state.uv_path.utf8()?.as_str());
     cmd.env("UV_PROJECT", state.uv_install_root.utf8()?.as_str());
+    cmd.env_remove("SSLKEYLOGFILE");
 
     Ok(cmd)
 }
 
+fn is_mirror_enabled(state: &State) -> bool {
+    state.mirror_path.exists()
+}
+
+fn get_mirror_urls(state: &State) -> Result<Option<(String, String)>> {
+    if !state.mirror_path.exists() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    let content = read_file(&state.mirror_path)?;
+    let content_str = String::from_utf8(content).context("Invalid UTF-8 in mirror file")?;
+
+    let lines: Vec<&str> = content_str.lines().collect();
+    if lines.len() >= 2 {
+        Ok(Some((
+            lines[0].trim().to_string(),
+            lines[1].trim().to_string(),
+        )))
+    } else {
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}
+
+fn show_mirror_submenu(state: &State) -> Result<()> {
+    loop {
+        println!("Download mirror options:");
+        println!("1) No mirror");
+        println!("2) China");
+        print!("> ");
+        let _ = stdout().flush();
+
+        let mut input = String::new();
+        let _ = stdin().read_line(&mut input);
+        let input = input.trim();
+
+        match input {
+            "1" => {
+                // Remove mirror file
+                if state.mirror_path.exists() {
+                    let _ = remove_file(&state.mirror_path);
+                }
+                println!("Mirror disabled.");
+                break;
+            }
+            "2" => {
+                // Write China mirror URLs
+                let china_mirrors = "https://registry.npmmirror.com/-/binary/python-build-standalone/\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple/";
+                write_file(&state.mirror_path, china_mirrors)?;
+                println!("China mirror enabled.");
+                break;
+            }
+            "" => {
+                // Empty input - return to main menu
+                break;
+            }
+            _ => {
+                println!("Invalid input. Please try again.");
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

qt/launcher/src/platform/mac.rs

@@ -62,8 +62,9 @@ pub fn prepare_for_launch_after_update(mut cmd: Command, root: &Path) -> Result<
 pub fn relaunch_in_terminal() -> Result<()> {
     let current_exe = std::env::current_exe().context("Failed to get current executable path")?;
     Command::new("open")
-        .args(["-a", "Terminal"])
+        .args(["-na", "Terminal"])
         .arg(current_exe)
+        .env_remove("ANKI_LAUNCHER_WANT_TERMINAL")
         .ensure_spawn()?;
     std::process::exit(0);
 }

qt/launcher/src/platform/mod.rs

@@ -116,8 +116,9 @@ pub use windows::ensure_terminal_shown;
 pub fn ensure_terminal_shown() -> Result<()> {
     use std::io::IsTerminal;
 
+    let want_terminal = std::env::var("ANKI_LAUNCHER_WANT_TERMINAL").is_ok();
     let stdout_is_terminal = IsTerminal::is_terminal(&std::io::stdout());
-    if !stdout_is_terminal {
+    if want_terminal || !stdout_is_terminal {
         #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
         mac::relaunch_in_terminal()?;
         #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]

qt/launcher/versions.py

@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
 
 import json
 import sys
-import urllib.request
+
+import pip_system_certs.wrapt_requests
+import requests
+
+pip_system_certs.wrapt_requests.inject_truststore()
 
 
 def main():
@@ -11,8 +15,9 @@ def main():
     url = "https://pypi.org/pypi/aqt/json"
 
     try:
-        with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=30) as response:
+        response = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
-            data = json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8"))
+        response.raise_for_status()
+        data = response.json()
         releases = data.get("releases", {})
 
         # Create list of (version, upload_time) tuples

qt/mac/anki_mac_helper/__init__.py

@@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ class _MacOSHelper:
         "On completion, file should be saved if no error has arrived."
         self._dll.end_wav_record()
 
+    def disable_appnap(self) -> None:
+        self._dll.disable_appnap()
+
+    def enable_appnap(self) -> None:
+        self._dll.enable_appnap()
+
 
 # this must not be overwritten or deallocated
 @CFUNCTYPE(None, c_char_p)  # type: ignore

qt/mac/appnap.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
+// License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
+
+import Foundation
+
+private var currentActivity: NSObjectProtocol?
+
+@_cdecl("disable_appnap")
+public func disableAppNap() {
+    // No-op if already assigned
+    guard currentActivity == nil else { return }
+    
+    currentActivity = ProcessInfo.processInfo.beginActivity(
+        options: .userInitiatedAllowingIdleSystemSleep,
+        reason: "AppNap is disabled"
+    )
+}
+
+@_cdecl("enable_appnap")
+public func enableAppNap() {
+    guard let activity = currentActivity else { return }
+    
+    ProcessInfo.processInfo.endActivity(activity)
+    currentActivity = nil
+}

qt/mac/build.sh

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ echo "Building macOS helper dylib..."
 # Create the wheel using uv
 echo "Creating wheel..."
 cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
+rm -rf dist
 "$PROJ_ROOT/out/extracted/uv/uv" build --wheel
 
 echo "Build complete!"

qt/mac/helper_build.py

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
 # License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
 
-import os
-import platform
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path

qt/mac/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "anki-mac-helper"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.1"
 description = "Small support library for Anki on Macs"
 requires-python = ">=3.9"
 license = { text = "AGPL-3.0-or-later" }

qt/mac/update-launcher-env

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Build and install into the launcher venv
+
+set -e
+
+./build.sh
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+    export VIRTUAL_ENV=$HOME/Library/Application\ Support/AnkiProgramFiles/.venv
+else
+    export VIRTUAL_ENV=$HOME/.local/share/AnkiProgramFiles/.venv
+fi
+../../out/extracted/uv/uv pip install dist/*.whl
+ 

qt/pyproject.toml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ dependencies = [
   "send2trash",
   "waitress>=2.0.0",
   "pywin32; sys.platform == 'win32'",
-  "anki-mac-helper; sys.platform == 'darwin'",
+  "anki-mac-helper>=0.1.1; sys.platform == 'darwin'",
   "pip-system-certs!=5.1",
   "pyqt6>=6.2",
   "pyqt6-webengine>=6.2",

rslib/Cargo.toml

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ pin-project.workspace = true
 prost.workspace = true
 pulldown-cmark.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
+rayon.workspace = true
 regex.workspace = true
 reqwest.workspace = true
 rusqlite.workspace = true

rslib/i18n/Cargo.toml

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ inflections.workspace = true
 anki_io.workspace = true
 anyhow.workspace = true
 itertools.workspace = true
+regex.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
 fluent.workspace = true

rslib/i18n/src/generated.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,5 @@
 // Include auto-generated content
 
 #![allow(clippy::all)]
-#![allow(text_direction_codepoint_in_literal)]
 
 include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/strings.rs"));

rslib/i18n/write_strings.rs

@@ -195,12 +195,30 @@ pub(crate) const {lang_name}: phf::Map<&str, &str> = phf::phf_map! {{",
     .unwrap();
 
     for (module, contents) in modules {
-        writeln!(buf, r###"        "{module}" => r##"{contents}"##,"###).unwrap();
+        let escaped_contents = escape_unicode_control_chars(contents);
+        writeln!(
+            buf,
+            r###"        "{module}" => r##"{escaped_contents}"##,"###
+        )
+        .unwrap();
     }
 
     buf.push_str("};\n");
 }
 
+fn escape_unicode_control_chars(input: &str) -> String {
+    use regex::Regex;
+
+    static RE: std::sync::OnceLock<Regex> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+    let re = RE.get_or_init(|| Regex::new(r"[\u{202a}-\u{202e}\u{2066}-\u{2069}]").unwrap());
+
+    re.replace_all(input, |caps: &regex::Captures| {
+        let c = caps.get(0).unwrap().as_str().chars().next().unwrap();
+        format!("\\u{{{:04x}}}", c as u32)
+    })
+    .into_owned()
+}
+
 fn lang_constant_name(lang: &str) -> String {
     lang.to_ascii_uppercase().replace('-', "_")
 }

rslib/linkchecker/tests/links.rs

@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ enum CheckableUrl {
 }
 
 impl CheckableUrl {
-    fn url(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    fn url(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         match *self {
             Self::HelpPage(page) => help_page_to_link(page).into(),
             Self::String(s) => s.into(),
         }
     }
 
-    fn anchor(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    fn anchor(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         match *self {
             Self::HelpPage(page) => help_page_link_suffix(page).into(),
             Self::String(s) => s.split('#').next_back().unwrap_or_default().into(),

rslib/process/src/lib.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,24 @@ use snafu::ensure;
 use snafu::ResultExt;
 use snafu::Snafu;
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct CodeDisplay(Option<i32>);
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for CodeDisplay {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {
+            Some(code) => write!(f, "{code}"),
+            None => write!(f, "?"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Option<i32>> for CodeDisplay {
+    fn from(code: Option<i32>) -> Self {
+        CodeDisplay(code)
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
 pub enum Error {
     #[snafu(display("Failed to execute: {cmdline}"))]
@@ -18,8 +36,15 @@ pub enum Error {
         cmdline: String,
         source: std::io::Error,
     },
-    #[snafu(display("Failed with code {code:?}: {cmdline}"))]
+    #[snafu(display("Failed to run ({code}): {cmdline}"))]
-    ReturnedError { cmdline: String, code: Option<i32> },
+    ReturnedError { cmdline: String, code: CodeDisplay },
+    #[snafu(display("Failed to run ({code}): {cmdline}: {stdout}{stderr}"))]
+    ReturnedWithOutputError {
+        cmdline: String,
+        code: CodeDisplay,
+        stdout: String,
+        stderr: String,
+    },
     #[snafu(display("Couldn't decode stdout/stderr as utf8"))]
     InvalidUtf8 {
         cmdline: String,
@@ -71,31 +96,36 @@ impl CommandExt for Command {
             status.success(),
             ReturnedSnafu {
                 cmdline: get_cmdline(self),
-                code: status.code(),
+                code: CodeDisplay::from(status.code()),
             }
         );
         Ok(self)
     }
 
     fn utf8_output(&mut self) -> Result<Utf8Output> {
+        let cmdline = get_cmdline(self);
         let output = self.output().with_context(|_| DidNotExecuteSnafu {
-            cmdline: get_cmdline(self),
+            cmdline: cmdline.clone(),
         })?;
+
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).with_context(|_| InvalidUtf8Snafu {
+            cmdline: cmdline.clone(),
+        })?;
+        let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).with_context(|_| InvalidUtf8Snafu {
+            cmdline: cmdline.clone(),
+        })?;
+
         ensure!(
             output.status.success(),
-            ReturnedSnafu {
+            ReturnedWithOutputSnafu {
-                cmdline: get_cmdline(self),
+                cmdline,
-                code: output.status.code(),
+                code: CodeDisplay::from(output.status.code()),
+                stdout: stdout.clone(),
+                stderr: stderr.clone(),
             }
         );
-        Ok(Utf8Output {
+
-            stdout: String::from_utf8(output.stdout).with_context(|_| InvalidUtf8Snafu {
+        Ok(Utf8Output { stdout, stderr })
-                cmdline: get_cmdline(self),
-            })?,
-            stderr: String::from_utf8(output.stderr).with_context(|_| InvalidUtf8Snafu {
-                cmdline: get_cmdline(self),
-            })?,
-        })
     }
 
     fn ensure_spawn(&mut self) -> Result<std::process::Child> {
@@ -135,7 +165,10 @@ mod test {
         #[cfg(not(windows))]
         assert!(matches!(
             Command::new("false").ensure_success(),
-            Err(Error::ReturnedError { code: Some(1), .. })
+            Err(Error::ReturnedError {
+                code: CodeDisplay(_),
+                ..
+            })
         ));
     }
 }

rslib/src/backend/collection.rs

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ impl BackendCollectionService for Backend {
 }
 
 impl Backend {
-    pub(super) fn lock_open_collection(&self) -> Result<MutexGuard<Option<Collection>>> {
+    pub(super) fn lock_open_collection(&self) -> Result<MutexGuard<'_, Option<Collection>>> {
         let guard = self.col.lock().unwrap();
         guard
             .is_some()
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ impl Backend {
             .ok_or(AnkiError::CollectionNotOpen)
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn lock_closed_collection(&self) -> Result<MutexGuard<Option<Collection>>> {
+    pub(super) fn lock_closed_collection(&self) -> Result<MutexGuard<'_, Option<Collection>>> {
         let guard = self.col.lock().unwrap();
         guard
             .is_none()

rslib/src/browser_table.rs

@@ -105,7 +105,8 @@ impl Card {
 
     /// Returns true if the card has a due date in terms of days.
     fn is_due_in_days(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self.queue, CardQueue::DayLearn | CardQueue::Review)
+        self.ctype != CardType::New && self.original_or_current_due() <= 365_000 // keep consistent with SQL
+            || matches!(self.queue, CardQueue::DayLearn | CardQueue::Review)
             || (self.ctype == CardType::Review && self.is_undue_queue())
     }
 
@@ -125,22 +126,20 @@ impl Card {
         }
     }
 
-    /// This uses card.due and card.ivl to infer the elapsed time. If 'set due
+    /// If last_review_date isn't stored in the card, this uses card.due and
-    /// date' or an add-on has changed the due date, this won't be accurate.
+    /// card.ivl to infer the elapsed time, which won't be accurate if
-    pub(crate) fn days_since_last_review(&self, timing: &SchedTimingToday) -> Option<u32> {
+    /// 'set due date' or an add-on has changed the due date.
+    pub(crate) fn seconds_since_last_review(&self, timing: &SchedTimingToday) -> Option<u32> {
         if let Some(last_review_time) = self.last_review_time {
-            Some(timing.next_day_at.elapsed_days_since(last_review_time) as u32)
+            Some(timing.now.elapsed_secs_since(last_review_time) as u32)
-        } else if !self.is_due_in_days() {
+        } else if self.is_due_in_days() {
-            Some(
-                (timing.next_day_at.0 as u32).saturating_sub(self.original_or_current_due() as u32)
-                    / 86_400,
-            )
-        } else {
             self.due_time(timing).map(|due| {
                 (due.adding_secs(-86_400 * self.interval as i64)
-                    .elapsed_secs()
+                    .elapsed_secs()) as u32
-                    / 86_400) as u32
             })
+        } else {
+            let last_review_time = TimestampSecs(self.original_or_current_due() as i64);
+            Some(timing.now.elapsed_secs_since(last_review_time) as u32)
         }
     }
 }
@@ -543,12 +542,12 @@ impl RowContext {
         self.cards[0]
             .memory_state
             .as_ref()
-            .zip(self.cards[0].days_since_last_review(&self.timing))
+            .zip(self.cards[0].seconds_since_last_review(&self.timing))
             .zip(Some(self.cards[0].decay.unwrap_or(FSRS5_DEFAULT_DECAY)))
-            .map(|((state, days_elapsed), decay)| {
+            .map(|((state, seconds), decay)| {
-                let r = FSRS::new(None).unwrap().current_retrievability(
+                let r = FSRS::new(None).unwrap().current_retrievability_seconds(
                     (*state).into(),
-                    days_elapsed,
+                    seconds,
                     decay,
                 );
                 format!("{:.0}%", r * 100.)

rslib/src/card_rendering/mod.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub fn prettify_av_tags<S: Into<String> + AsRef<str>>(txt: S) -> String {
 
 /// Parse `txt` into [CardNodes] and return the result,
 /// or [None] if it only contains text nodes.
-fn nodes_or_text_only(txt: &str) -> Option<CardNodes> {
+fn nodes_or_text_only(txt: &str) -> Option<CardNodes<'_>> {
     let nodes = CardNodes::parse(txt);
     (!nodes.text_only).then_some(nodes)
 }

rslib/src/card_rendering/parser.rs

@@ -103,13 +103,13 @@ fn is_not0<'parser, 'arr: 'parser, 's: 'parser>(
     move |s| alt((is_not(arr), success(""))).parse(s)
 }
 
-fn node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node<'_>> {
     alt((sound_node, tag_node, text_node)).parse(s)
 }
 
 /// A sound tag `[sound:resource]`, where `resource` is pointing to a sound or
 /// video file.
-fn sound_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn sound_node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node<'_>> {
     map(
         delimited(tag("[sound:"), is_not("]"), tag("]")),
         Node::SoundOrVideo,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ fn sound_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
     .parse(s)
 }
 
-fn take_till_potential_tag_start(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
+fn take_till_potential_tag_start(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, &str> {
     // first char could be '[', but wasn't part of a node, so skip (eof ends parse)
     let (after, offset) = anychar(s).map(|(s, c)| (s, c.len_utf8()))?;
     Ok(match after.find('[') {
@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ fn take_till_potential_tag_start(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
 }
 
 /// An Anki tag `[anki:tag...]...[/anki:tag]`.
-fn tag_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn tag_node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node<'_>> {
     /// Match the start of an opening tag and return its name.
-    fn name(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
+    fn name(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, &str> {
         preceded(tag("[anki:"), is_not("] \t\r\n")).parse(s)
     }
 
@@ -139,12 +139,12 @@ fn tag_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
     ) -> impl FnMut(&'s str) -> IResult<'s, Vec<(&'s str, &'s str)>> + 'name {
         /// List of whitespace-separated `key=val` tuples, where `val` may be
         /// empty.
-        fn options(s: &str) -> IResult<Vec<(&str, &str)>> {
+        fn options(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Vec<(&str, &str)>> {
-            fn key(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
+            fn key(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, &str> {
                 is_not("] \t\r\n=").parse(s)
             }
 
-            fn val(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
+            fn val(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, &str> {
                 alt((
                     delimited(tag("\""), is_not0("\""), tag("\"")),
                     is_not0("] \t\r\n\""),
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ fn tag_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
     .parse(s)
 }
 
-fn text_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn text_node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node<'_>> {
     map(take_till_potential_tag_start, Node::Text).parse(s)
 }
 

rslib/src/cloze.rs

@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ enum Token<'a> {
 }
 
 /// Tokenize string
-fn tokenize(mut text: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = Token> {
+fn tokenize(mut text: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = Token<'_>> {
-    fn open_cloze(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token> {
+    fn open_cloze(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token<'_>> {
         // opening brackets and 'c'
         let (text, _opening_brackets_and_c) = tag("{{c")(text)?;
         // following number
@@ -75,12 +75,12 @@ fn tokenize(mut text: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = Token> {
         Ok((text, Token::OpenCloze(digits)))
     }
 
-    fn close_cloze(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token> {
+    fn close_cloze(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token<'_>> {
         map(tag("}}"), |_| Token::CloseCloze).parse(text)
     }
 
     /// Match a run of text until an open/close marker is encountered.
-    fn normal_text(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token> {
+    fn normal_text(text: &str) -> IResult<&str, Token<'_>> {
         if text.is_empty() {
             return Err(nom::Err::Error(nom::error::make_error(
                 text,
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ impl ExtractedCloze<'_> {
         self.hint.unwrap_or("...")
     }
 
-    fn clozed_text(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    fn clozed_text(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         // happy efficient path?
         if self.nodes.len() == 1 {
             if let TextOrCloze::Text(text) = self.nodes.last().unwrap() {
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ pub fn parse_image_occlusions(text: &str) -> Vec<ImageOcclusion> {
         .collect()
 }
 
-pub fn reveal_cloze_text(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow<str> {
+pub fn reveal_cloze_text(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut buf = String::new();
     let mut active_cloze_found_in_text = false;
     for node in &parse_text_with_clozes(text) {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ pub fn reveal_cloze_text(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow<str>
     }
 }
 
-pub fn reveal_cloze_text_only(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow<str> {
+pub fn reveal_cloze_text_only(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut output = Vec::new();
     for node in &parse_text_with_clozes(text) {
         reveal_cloze_text_in_nodes(node, cloze_ord, question, &mut output);
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ pub fn reveal_cloze_text_only(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16, question: bool) -> Cow
     output.join(", ").into()
 }
 
-pub fn extract_cloze_for_typing(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16) -> Cow<str> {
+pub fn extract_cloze_for_typing(text: &str, cloze_ord: u16) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut output = Vec::new();
     for node in &parse_text_with_clozes(text) {
         reveal_cloze_text_in_nodes(node, cloze_ord, false, &mut output);
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ pub(crate) fn strip_clozes(text: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     CLOZE.replace_all(text, "$1")
 }
 
-fn strip_html_inside_mathjax(text: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn strip_html_inside_mathjax(text: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     MATHJAX.replace_all(text, |caps: &Captures| -> String {
         format!(
             "{}{}{}",

rslib/src/dbcheck.rs

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use crate::notetype::NotetypeId;
 use crate::notetype::NotetypeKind;
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use crate::progress::ThrottlingProgressHandler;
+use crate::storage::card::CardFixStats;
 use crate::timestamp::TimestampMillis;
 use crate::timestamp::TimestampSecs;
 
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ pub struct CheckDatabaseOutput {
     notetypes_recovered: usize,
     invalid_utf8: usize,
     invalid_ids: usize,
+    card_last_review_time_empty: usize,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
@@ -69,6 +71,11 @@ impl CheckDatabaseOutput {
         if self.card_properties_invalid > 0 {
             probs.push(tr.database_check_card_properties(self.card_properties_invalid));
         }
+        if self.card_last_review_time_empty > 0 {
+            probs.push(
+                tr.database_check_card_last_review_time_empty(self.card_last_review_time_empty),
+            );
+        }
         if self.cards_missing_note > 0 {
             probs.push(tr.database_check_card_missing_note(self.cards_missing_note));
         }
@@ -158,14 +165,25 @@ impl Collection {
 
     fn check_card_properties(&mut self, out: &mut CheckDatabaseOutput) -> Result<()> {
         let timing = self.timing_today()?;
-        let (new_cnt, other_cnt) = self.storage.fix_card_properties(
+        let CardFixStats {
+            new_cards_fixed,
+            other_cards_fixed,
+            last_review_time_fixed,
+        } = self.storage.fix_card_properties(
             timing.days_elapsed,
             TimestampSecs::now(),
             self.usn()?,
             self.scheduler_version() == SchedulerVersion::V1,
         )?;
-        out.card_position_too_high = new_cnt;
+        out.card_position_too_high = new_cards_fixed;
-        out.card_properties_invalid += other_cnt;
+        out.card_properties_invalid += other_cards_fixed;
+        out.card_last_review_time_empty = last_review_time_fixed;
+
+        // Trigger one-way sync if last_review_time was updated to avoid conflicts
+        if last_review_time_fixed > 0 {
+            self.set_schema_modified()?;
+        }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 

rslib/src/deckconfig/service.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 // Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
 // License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
 use anki_proto::generic;
+use rayon::iter::IntoParallelIterator;
+use rayon::iter::ParallelIterator;
 
 use crate::collection::Collection;
 use crate::deckconfig::DeckConfSchema11;
@@ -9,6 +13,7 @@ use crate::deckconfig::DeckConfigId;
 use crate::deckconfig::UpdateDeckConfigsRequest;
 use crate::error::Result;
 use crate::scheduler::fsrs::params::ignore_revlogs_before_date_to_ms;
+use crate::scheduler::fsrs::simulator::is_included_card;
 
 impl crate::services::DeckConfigService for Collection {
     fn add_or_update_deck_config_legacy(
@@ -101,68 +106,43 @@ impl crate::services::DeckConfigService for Collection {
         &mut self,
         input: anki_proto::deck_config::GetRetentionWorkloadRequest,
     ) -> Result<anki_proto::deck_config::GetRetentionWorkloadResponse> {
-        const LEARN_SPAN: usize = 100_000_000;
+        let days_elapsed = self.timing_today().unwrap().days_elapsed as i32;
-        const TERMINATION_PROB: f32 = 0.001;
-        // the default values are from https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/Anki-button-usage/blob/881009015c2a85ac911021d76d0aacb124849937/analysis.ipynb
-        const DEFAULT_LEARN_COST: f32 = 19.4698;
-        const DEFAULT_PASS_COST: f32 = 7.8454;
-        const DEFAULT_FAIL_COST: f32 = 23.185;
-        const DEFAULT_INITIAL_PASS_RATE: f32 = 0.7645;
-
         let guard =
             self.search_cards_into_table(&input.search, crate::search::SortMode::NoOrder)?;
-        let costs = guard.col.storage.get_costs_for_retention()?;
 
-        fn smoothing(obs: f32, default: f32, count: u32) -> f32 {
+        let revlogs = guard
-            let alpha = count as f32 / (50.0 + count as f32);
+            .col
-            obs * alpha + default * (1.0 - alpha)
+            .storage
-        }
+            .get_revlog_entries_for_searched_cards_in_card_order()?;
 
-        let cost_success = smoothing(
+        let mut config = guard.col.get_optimal_retention_parameters(revlogs)?;
-            costs.average_pass_time_ms / 1000.0,
+        let cards = guard
-            DEFAULT_PASS_COST,
+            .col
-            costs.pass_count,
+            .storage
-        );
+            .all_searched_cards()?
-        let cost_failure = smoothing(
+            .into_iter()
-            costs.average_fail_time_ms / 1000.0,
+            .filter(is_included_card)
-            DEFAULT_FAIL_COST,
+            .filter_map(|c| crate::card::Card::convert(c.clone(), days_elapsed, c.memory_state?))
-            costs.fail_count,
+            .collect::<Vec<fsrs::Card>>();
-        );
-        let cost_learn = smoothing(
-            costs.average_learn_time_ms / 1000.0,
-            DEFAULT_LEARN_COST,
-            costs.learn_count,
-        );
-        let initial_pass_rate = smoothing(
-            costs.initial_pass_rate,
-            DEFAULT_INITIAL_PASS_RATE,
-            costs.pass_count,
-        );
 
-        let before = fsrs::expected_workload(
+        config.deck_size = guard.cards;
+
+        let costs = (70u32..=99u32)
+            .into_par_iter()
+            .map(|dr| {
+                Ok((
+                    dr,
+                    fsrs::expected_workload_with_existing_cards(
                         &input.w,
-            input.before,
+                        dr as f32 / 100.,
-            LEARN_SPAN,
+                        &config,
-            cost_success,
+                        &cards,
-            cost_failure,
+                    )?,
-            cost_learn,
+                ))
-            initial_pass_rate,
-            TERMINATION_PROB,
-        )?;
-        let after = fsrs::expected_workload(
-            &input.w,
-            input.after,
-            LEARN_SPAN,
-            cost_success,
-            cost_failure,
-            cost_learn,
-            initial_pass_rate,
-            TERMINATION_PROB,
-        )?;
-
-        Ok(anki_proto::deck_config::GetRetentionWorkloadResponse {
-            factor: after / before,
             })
+            .collect::<Result<HashMap<_, _>>>()?;
+
+        Ok(anki_proto::deck_config::GetRetentionWorkloadResponse { costs })
     }
 }
 

rslib/src/deckconfig/update.rs

@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ impl Collection {
         if fsrs_toggled {
             self.set_config_bool_inner(BoolKey::Fsrs, req.fsrs)?;
         }
+        let mut deck_desired_retention: HashMap<DeckId, f32> = Default::default();
         for deck in self.storage.get_all_decks()? {
             if let Ok(normal) = deck.normal() {
                 let deck_id = deck.id;
-
                 // previous order & params
                 let previous_config_id = DeckConfigId(normal.config_id);
                 let previous_config = configs_before_update.get(&previous_config_id);
@@ -223,21 +223,23 @@ impl Collection {
                     .map(|c| c.inner.new_card_insert_order())
                     .unwrap_or_default();
                 let previous_params = previous_config.map(|c| c.fsrs_params());
-                let previous_retention = previous_config.map(|c| c.inner.desired_retention);
+                let previous_preset_dr = previous_config.map(|c| c.inner.desired_retention);
+                let previous_deck_dr = normal.desired_retention;
+                let previous_dr = previous_deck_dr.or(previous_preset_dr);
                 let previous_easy_days = previous_config.map(|c| &c.inner.easy_days_percentages);
 
                 // if a selected (sub)deck, or its old config was removed, update deck to point
                 // to new config
-                let current_config_id = if selected_deck_ids.contains(&deck.id)
+                let (current_config_id, current_deck_dr) = if selected_deck_ids.contains(&deck.id)
                     || !configs_after_update.contains_key(&previous_config_id)
                 {
                     let mut updated = deck.clone();
                     updated.normal_mut()?.config_id = selected_config.id.0;
                     update_deck_limits(updated.normal_mut()?, &req.limits, today);
                     self.update_deck_inner(&mut updated, deck, usn)?;
-                    selected_config.id
+                    (selected_config.id, updated.normal()?.desired_retention)
                 } else {
-                    previous_config_id
+                    (previous_config_id, previous_deck_dr)
                 };
 
                 // if new order differs, deck needs re-sorting
@@ -251,11 +253,12 @@ impl Collection {
 
                 // if params differ, memory state needs to be recomputed
                 let current_params = current_config.map(|c| c.fsrs_params());
-                let current_retention = current_config.map(|c| c.inner.desired_retention);
+                let current_preset_dr = current_config.map(|c| c.inner.desired_retention);
+                let current_dr = current_deck_dr.or(current_preset_dr);
                 let current_easy_days = current_config.map(|c| &c.inner.easy_days_percentages);
                 if fsrs_toggled
                     || previous_params != current_params
-                    || previous_retention != current_retention
+                    || previous_dr != current_dr
                     || (req.fsrs_reschedule && previous_easy_days != current_easy_days)
                 {
                     decks_needing_memory_recompute
@@ -263,7 +266,9 @@ impl Collection {
                         .or_default()
                         .push(deck_id);
                 }
-
+                if let Some(desired_retention) = current_deck_dr {
+                    deck_desired_retention.insert(deck_id, desired_retention);
+                }
                 self.adjust_remaining_steps_in_deck(deck_id, previous_config, current_config, usn)?;
             }
         }
@@ -277,10 +282,11 @@ impl Collection {
                         if req.fsrs {
                             Some(UpdateMemoryStateRequest {
                                 params: c.fsrs_params().clone(),
-                                desired_retention: c.inner.desired_retention,
+                                preset_desired_retention: c.inner.desired_retention,
                                 max_interval: c.inner.maximum_review_interval,
                                 reschedule: req.fsrs_reschedule,
                                 historical_retention: c.inner.historical_retention,
+                                deck_desired_retention: deck_desired_retention.clone(),
                             })
                         } else {
                             None
@@ -409,6 +415,7 @@ fn normal_deck_to_limits(deck: &NormalDeck, today: u32) -> Limits {
             .new_limit_today
             .map(|limit| limit.today == today)
             .unwrap_or_default(),
+        desired_retention: deck.desired_retention,
     }
 }
 
@@ -417,6 +424,7 @@ fn update_deck_limits(deck: &mut NormalDeck, limits: &Limits, today: u32) {
     deck.new_limit = limits.new;
     update_day_limit(&mut deck.review_limit_today, limits.review_today, today);
     update_day_limit(&mut deck.new_limit_today, limits.new_today, today);
+    deck.desired_retention = limits.desired_retention;
 }
 
 fn update_day_limit(day_limit: &mut Option<DayLimit>, new_limit: Option<u32>, today: u32) {

rslib/src/decks/mod.rs

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ pub(crate) use name::immediate_parent_name;
 pub use name::NativeDeckName;
 pub use schema11::DeckSchema11;
 
+use crate::deckconfig::DeckConfig;
 use crate::define_newtype;
 use crate::error::FilteredDeckError;
 use crate::markdown::render_markdown;
@@ -89,6 +90,16 @@ impl Deck {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Get the effective desired retention value for a deck.
+    /// Returns deck-specific desired retention if available, otherwise falls
+    /// back to config default.
+    pub fn effective_desired_retention(&self, config: &DeckConfig) -> f32 {
+        self.normal()
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|d| d.desired_retention)
+            .unwrap_or(config.inner.desired_retention)
+    }
+
     // used by tests at the moment
 
     #[allow(dead_code)]

rslib/src/decks/name.rs

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ fn invalid_char_for_deck_component(c: char) -> bool {
     c.is_ascii_control()
 }
 
-fn normalized_deck_name_component(comp: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn normalized_deck_name_component(comp: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut out = normalize_to_nfc(comp);
     if out.contains(invalid_char_for_deck_component) {
         out = out.replace(invalid_char_for_deck_component, "").into();

rslib/src/decks/schema11.rs

@@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ pub struct NormalDeckSchema11 {
     review_limit_today: Option<DayLimit>,
     #[serde(default, deserialize_with = "default_on_invalid")]
     new_limit_today: Option<DayLimit>,
+    #[serde(default, deserialize_with = "default_on_invalid")]
+    desired_retention: Option<u32>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
@@ -249,6 +251,7 @@ impl Default for NormalDeckSchema11 {
             new_limit: None,
             review_limit_today: None,
             new_limit_today: None,
+            desired_retention: None,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -325,6 +328,7 @@ impl From<NormalDeckSchema11> for NormalDeck {
             new_limit: deck.new_limit,
             review_limit_today: deck.review_limit_today,
             new_limit_today: deck.new_limit_today,
+            desired_retention: deck.desired_retention.map(|v| v as f32 / 100.0),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -366,6 +370,7 @@ impl From<Deck> for DeckSchema11 {
                 new_limit: norm.new_limit,
                 review_limit_today: norm.review_limit_today,
                 new_limit_today: norm.new_limit_today,
+                desired_retention: norm.desired_retention.map(|v| (v * 100.0) as u32),
                 common: deck.into(),
             }),
             DeckKind::Filtered(ref filt) => DeckSchema11::Filtered(FilteredDeckSchema11 {
@@ -430,7 +435,8 @@ static RESERVED_DECK_KEYS: Set<&'static str> = phf_set! {
     "browserCollapsed",
     "extendRev",
     "id",
-    "collapsed"
+    "collapsed",
+    "desiredRetention",
 };
 
 impl From<&Deck> for DeckTodaySchema11 {

rslib/src/import_export/gather.rs

@@ -231,7 +231,10 @@ fn svg_getter(notetypes: &[Notetype]) -> impl Fn(NotetypeId) -> bool {
 }
 
 impl Collection {
-    fn gather_notes(&mut self, search: impl TryIntoSearch) -> Result<(Vec<Note>, NoteTableGuard)> {
+    fn gather_notes(
+        &mut self,
+        search: impl TryIntoSearch,
+    ) -> Result<(Vec<Note>, NoteTableGuard<'_>)> {
         let guard = self.search_notes_into_table(search)?;
         guard
             .col
@@ -240,7 +243,7 @@ impl Collection {
             .map(|notes| (notes, guard))
     }
 
-    fn gather_cards(&mut self) -> Result<(Vec<Card>, CardTableGuard)> {
+    fn gather_cards(&mut self) -> Result<(Vec<Card>, CardTableGuard<'_>)> {
         let guard = self.search_cards_of_notes_into_table()?;
         guard
             .col

rslib/src/import_export/package/apkg/import/notes.rs

@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ mod test {
             self
         }
 
-        fn import(self, col: &mut Collection) -> NoteContext {
+        fn import(self, col: &mut Collection) -> NoteContext<'_> {
             let mut progress_handler = col.new_progress_handler();
             let media_map = Box::leak(Box::new(self.media_map));
             let mut ctx = NoteContext::new(

rslib/src/import_export/package/media.rs

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ pub(super) fn extract_media_entries(
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) fn safe_normalized_file_name(name: &str) -> Result<Cow<str>> {
+pub(super) fn safe_normalized_file_name(name: &str) -> Result<Cow<'_, str>> {
     if !filename_is_safe(name) {
         Err(AnkiError::ImportError {
             source: ImportError::Corrupt,

rslib/src/import_export/text/csv/export.rs

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ fn rendered_nodes_to_str(nodes: &[RenderedNode]) -> String {
         .join("")
 }
 
-fn field_to_record_field(field: &str, with_html: bool) -> Cow<str> {
+fn field_to_record_field(field: &str, with_html: bool) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut text = strip_redundant_sections(field);
     if !with_html {
         text = text.map_cow(|t| html_to_text_line(t, false));
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ fn field_to_record_field(field: &str, with_html: bool) -> Cow<str> {
     text
 }
 
-fn strip_redundant_sections(text: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn strip_redundant_sections(text: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     static RE: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| {
         Regex::new(
             r"(?isx)
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ fn strip_redundant_sections(text: &str) -> Cow<str> {
     RE.replace_all(text.as_ref(), "")
 }
 
-fn strip_answer_side_question(text: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn strip_answer_side_question(text: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     static RE: LazyLock<Regex> =
         LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new(r"(?is)^.*<hr id=answer>\n*").unwrap());
     RE.replace_all(text.as_ref(), "")
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ impl NoteContext {
             .chain(self.tags(note))
     }
 
-    fn notetype_name(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<[u8]>> {
+    fn notetype_name(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<'_, [u8]>> {
         self.with_notetype.then(|| {
             self.notetypes
                 .get(&note.notetype_id)
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ impl NoteContext {
         })
     }
 
-    fn deck_name(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<[u8]>> {
+    fn deck_name(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<'_, [u8]>> {
         self.with_deck.then(|| {
             self.deck_ids
                 .get(&note.id)
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ impl NoteContext {
         })
     }
 
-    fn tags(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<[u8]>> {
+    fn tags(&self, note: &Note) -> Option<Cow<'_, [u8]>> {
         self.with_tags
             .then(|| Cow::from(note.tags.join(" ").into_bytes()))
     }

rslib/src/import_export/text/import.rs

@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ impl NoteContext<'_> {
 }
 
 impl Note {
-    fn first_field_stripped(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    fn first_field_stripped(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         strip_html_preserving_media_filenames(&self.fields()[0])
     }
 }
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ impl ForeignNote {
                 .all(|(opt, field)| opt.as_ref().map(|s| s == field).unwrap_or(true))
     }
 
-    fn first_field_stripped(&self) -> Option<Cow<str>> {
+    fn first_field_stripped(&self) -> Option<Cow<'_, str>> {
         self.fields
             .first()
             .and_then(|s| s.as_ref())

rslib/src/latex.rs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub struct ExtractedLatex {
 pub(crate) fn extract_latex_expanding_clozes(
     text: &str,
     svg: bool,
-) -> (Cow<str>, Vec<ExtractedLatex>) {
+) -> (Cow<'_, str>, Vec<ExtractedLatex>) {
     if text.contains("{{c") {
         let expanded = expand_clozes_to_reveal_latex(text);
         let (text, extracts) = extract_latex(&expanded, svg);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub(crate) fn extract_latex_expanding_clozes(
 
 /// Extract LaTeX from the provided text.
 /// Expects cloze deletions to already be expanded.
-pub fn extract_latex(text: &str, svg: bool) -> (Cow<str>, Vec<ExtractedLatex>) {
+pub fn extract_latex(text: &str, svg: bool) -> (Cow<'_, str>, Vec<ExtractedLatex>) {
     let mut extracted = vec![];
 
     let new_text = LATEX.replace_all(text, |caps: &Captures| {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub fn extract_latex(text: &str, svg: bool) -> (Cow<str>, Vec<ExtractedLatex>) {
     (new_text, extracted)
 }
 
-fn strip_html_for_latex(html: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+fn strip_html_for_latex(html: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut out: Cow<str> = html.into();
     if let Cow::Owned(o) = LATEX_NEWLINES.replace_all(html, "\n") {
         out = o.into();

rslib/src/media/files.rs

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ fn nonbreaking_space(char: char) -> bool {
 /// - Any problem characters are removed.
 /// - Windows device names like CON and PRN have '_' appended
 /// - The filename is limited to 120 bytes.
-pub(crate) fn normalize_filename(fname: &str) -> Cow<str> {
+pub(crate) fn normalize_filename(fname: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     let mut output = Cow::Borrowed(fname);
 
     if !is_nfc(output.as_ref()) {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ pub(crate) fn normalize_filename(fname: &str) -> Cow<str> {
 }
 
 /// See normalize_filename(). This function expects NFC-normalized input.
-pub(crate) fn normalize_nfc_filename(mut fname: Cow<str>) -> Cow<str> {
+pub(crate) fn normalize_nfc_filename(mut fname: Cow<'_, str>) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     if fname.contains(disallowed_char) {
         fname = fname.replace(disallowed_char, "").into()
     }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ pub(crate) fn normalize_nfc_filename(mut fname: Cow<str>) -> Cow<str> {
 /// but can be accessed as NFC. On these devices, if the filename
 /// is otherwise valid, the filename is returned as NFC.
 #[allow(clippy::collapsible_else_if)]
-pub(crate) fn filename_if_normalized(fname: &str) -> Option<Cow<str>> {
+pub(crate) fn filename_if_normalized(fname: &str) -> Option<Cow<'_, str>> {
     if cfg!(target_vendor = "apple") {
         if !is_nfc(fname) {
             let as_nfc = fname.chars().nfc().collect::<String>();
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ pub(crate) fn add_hash_suffix_to_file_stem(fname: &str, hash: &Sha1Hash) -> Stri
 }
 
 /// If filename is longer than max_bytes, truncate it.
-fn truncate_filename(fname: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> Cow<str> {
+fn truncate_filename(fname: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> Cow<'_, str> {
     if fname.len() <= max_bytes {
         return Cow::Borrowed(fname);
     }

rslib/src/notes/mod.rs

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ impl TryFrom<anki_proto::notes::AddNoteRequest> for AddNoteRequest {
 }
 
 impl Collection {
-    pub fn add_note(&mut self, note: &mut Note, did: DeckId) -> Result<OpOutput<()>> {
+    pub fn add_note(&mut self, note: &mut Note, did: DeckId) -> Result<OpOutput<usize>> {
         self.transact(Op::AddNote, |col| col.add_note_inner(note, did))
     }
 
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ impl Collection {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn add_note_inner(&mut self, note: &mut Note, did: DeckId) -> Result<()> {
+    pub(crate) fn add_note_inner(&mut self, note: &mut Note, did: DeckId) -> Result<usize> {
         let nt = self
             .get_notetype(note.notetype_id)?
             .or_invalid("missing note type")?;
@@ -383,10 +383,11 @@ impl Collection {
         note.prepare_for_update(ctx.notetype, normalize_text)?;
         note.set_modified(ctx.usn);
         self.add_note_only_undoable(note)?;
-        self.generate_cards_for_new_note(&ctx, note, did)?;
+        let count = self.generate_cards_for_new_note(&ctx, note, did)?;
         self.set_last_deck_for_notetype(note.notetype_id, did)?;
         self.set_last_notetype_for_deck(did, note.notetype_id)?;
-        self.set_current_notetype_id(note.notetype_id)
+        self.set_current_notetype_id(note.notetype_id)?;
+        Ok(count)
     }
 
     pub fn update_note(&mut self, note: &mut Note) -> Result<OpOutput<()>> {

rslib/src/notetype/cardgen.rs

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ impl Collection {
         ctx: &CardGenContext<impl Deref<Target = Notetype>>,
         note: &Note,
         target_deck_id: DeckId,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    ) -> Result<usize> {
         self.generate_cards_for_note(
             ctx,
             note,
@@ -231,7 +231,8 @@ impl Collection {
         note: &Note,
     ) -> Result<()> {
         let existing = self.storage.existing_cards_for_note(note.id)?;
-        self.generate_cards_for_note(ctx, note, &existing, ctx.last_deck, &mut Default::default())
+        self.generate_cards_for_note(ctx, note, &existing, ctx.last_deck, &mut Default::default())?;
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn generate_cards_for_note(
@@ -241,12 +242,13 @@ impl Collection {
         existing: &[AlreadyGeneratedCardInfo],
         target_deck_id: Option<DeckId>,
         cache: &mut CardGenCache,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    ) -> Result<usize> {
         let cards = ctx.new_cards_required(note, existing, true);
         if cards.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(());
+            return Ok(0);
         }
-        self.add_generated_cards(note.id, &cards, target_deck_id, cache)
+        self.add_generated_cards(note.id, &cards, target_deck_id, cache)?;
+        Ok(cards.len())
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn generate_cards_for_notetype(

rslib/src/notetype/render.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub struct RenderCardOutput {
 
 impl RenderCardOutput {
     /// The question text. This is only valid to call when partial_render=false.
-    pub fn question(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    pub fn question(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         match self.qnodes.as_slice() {
             [RenderedNode::Text { text }] => text.into(),
             _ => "not fully rendered".into(),
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ impl RenderCardOutput {
     }
 
     /// The answer text. This is only valid to call when partial_render=false.
-    pub fn answer(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+    pub fn answer(&self) -> Cow<'_, str> {
         match self.anodes.as_slice() {
             [RenderedNode::Text { text }] => text.into(),
             _ => "not fully rendered".into(),

rslib/src/revlog/mod.rs

@@ -84,6 +84,42 @@ impl RevlogEntry {
         })
         .unwrap()
     }
+
+    /// Returns true if this entry represents a reset operation.
+    /// These entries are created when a card is reset using
+    /// [`Collection::reschedule_cards_as_new`].
+    /// The 0 value of `ease_factor` differentiates it
+    /// from entry created by [`Collection::set_due_date`] that has
+    /// `RevlogReviewKind::Manual` but non-zero `ease_factor`.
+    pub(crate) fn is_reset(&self) -> bool {
+        self.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Manual && self.ease_factor == 0
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if this entry represents a cramming operation.
+    /// These entries are created when a card is reviewed in a
+    /// filtered deck with "Reschedule cards based on my answers
+    /// in this deck" disabled.
+    /// [`crate::scheduler::answering::CardStateUpdater::apply_preview_state`].
+    /// The 0 value of `ease_factor` distinguishes it from the entry
+    /// created when a card is reviewed before its due date in a
+    /// filtered deck with reschedule enabled or using Grade Now.
+    pub(crate) fn is_cramming(&self) -> bool {
+        self.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Filtered && self.ease_factor == 0
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn has_rating(&self) -> bool {
+        self.button_chosen > 0
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the review entry is not manually rescheduled and not
+    /// cramming. Used to filter out entries that shouldn't be considered
+    /// for statistics and scheduling.
+    pub(crate) fn has_rating_and_affects_scheduling(&self) -> bool {
+        // not rescheduled/set due date/reset
+        self.has_rating()
+            // not cramming
+            && !self.is_cramming()
+    }
 }
 
 impl Collection {

rslib/src/scheduler/answering/mod.rs

@@ -444,6 +444,8 @@ impl Collection {
             .get_deck(card.deck_id)?
             .or_not_found(card.deck_id)?;
         let config = self.home_deck_config(deck.config_id(), card.original_deck_id)?;
+
+        let desired_retention = deck.effective_desired_retention(&config);
         let fsrs_enabled = self.get_config_bool(BoolKey::Fsrs);
         let fsrs_next_states = if fsrs_enabled {
             let params = config.fsrs_params();
@@ -473,13 +475,13 @@ impl Collection {
             };
             Some(fsrs.next_states(
                 card.memory_state.map(Into::into),
-                config.inner.desired_retention,
+                desired_retention,
                 days_elapsed,
             )?)
         } else {
             None
         };
-        let desired_retention = fsrs_enabled.then_some(config.inner.desired_retention);
+        let desired_retention = fsrs_enabled.then_some(desired_retention);
         let fsrs_short_term_with_steps =
             self.get_config_bool(BoolKey::FsrsShortTermWithStepsEnabled);
         let fsrs_allow_short_term = if fsrs_enabled {
@@ -662,6 +664,43 @@ pub(crate) mod test {
         col.get_scheduling_states(card_id).unwrap().current
     }
 
+    // Test that deck-specific desired retention is used when available
+    #[test]
+    fn deck_specific_desired_retention() -> Result<()> {
+        let mut col = Collection::new();
+
+        // Enable FSRS
+        col.set_config_bool(BoolKey::Fsrs, true, false)?;
+
+        // Create a deck with specific desired retention
+        let deck_id = DeckId(1);
+        let deck = col.get_deck(deck_id)?.unwrap();
+        let mut deck_clone = (*deck).clone();
+        deck_clone.normal_mut().unwrap().desired_retention = Some(0.85);
+        col.update_deck(&mut deck_clone)?;
+
+        // Create a card in this deck
+        let nt = col.get_notetype_by_name("Basic")?.unwrap();
+        let mut note = nt.new_note();
+        col.add_note(&mut note, deck_id)?;
+
+        // Get the card using search_cards
+        let cards = col.search_cards(note.id, SortMode::NoOrder)?;
+        let card = col.storage.get_card(cards[0])?.unwrap();
+
+        // Test that the card state updater uses deck-specific desired retention
+        let updater = col.card_state_updater(card)?;
+
+        // Print debug information
+        println!("FSRS enabled: {}", col.get_config_bool(BoolKey::Fsrs));
+        println!("Desired retention: {:?}", updater.desired_retention);
+
+        // Verify that the desired retention is from the deck, not the config
+        assert_eq!(updater.desired_retention, Some(0.85));
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     // make sure the 'current' state for a card matches the
     // state we applied to it
     #[test]

rslib/src/scheduler/fsrs/memory_state.rs

@@ -45,10 +45,11 @@ pub(crate) fn get_decay_from_params(params: &[f32]) -> f32 {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct UpdateMemoryStateRequest {
     pub params: Params,
-    pub desired_retention: f32,
+    pub preset_desired_retention: f32,
     pub historical_retention: f32,
     pub max_interval: u32,
     pub reschedule: bool,
+    pub deck_desired_retention: HashMap<DeckId, f32>,
 }
 
 pub(crate) struct UpdateMemoryStateEntry {
@@ -98,7 +99,6 @@ impl Collection {
                 historical_retention.unwrap_or(0.9),
                 ignore_before,
             )?;
-            let desired_retention = req.as_ref().map(|w| w.desired_retention);
             let mut progress = self.new_progress_handler::<ComputeMemoryProgress>();
             progress.update(false, |s| s.total_cards = items.len() as u32)?;
             for (idx, (card_id, item)) in items.into_iter().enumerate() {
@@ -106,10 +106,16 @@ impl Collection {
                 let mut card = self.storage.get_card(card_id)?.or_not_found(card_id)?;
                 let original = card.clone();
                 if let Some(req) = &req {
+                    let preset_desired_retention = req.preset_desired_retention;
                     // Store decay and desired retention in the card so that add-ons, card info,
                     // stats and browser search/sorts don't need to access the deck config.
                     // Unlike memory states, scheduler doesn't use decay and dr stored in the card.
-                    card.desired_retention = desired_retention;
+                    let deck_id = card.original_or_current_deck_id();
+                    let desired_retention = *req
+                        .deck_desired_retention
+                        .get(&deck_id)
+                        .unwrap_or(&preset_desired_retention);
+                    card.desired_retention = Some(desired_retention);
                     card.decay = decay;
                     if let Some(item) = item {
                         card.set_memory_state(&fsrs, Some(item), historical_retention.unwrap())?;
@@ -132,7 +138,7 @@ impl Collection {
                                             let original_interval = card.interval;
                                             let interval = fsrs.next_interval(
                                                 Some(state.stability),
-                                                desired_retention.unwrap(),
+                                                desired_retention,
                                                 0,
                                             );
                                             card.interval = rescheduler
@@ -205,7 +211,11 @@ impl Collection {
             .storage
             .get_deck_config(conf_id)?
             .or_not_found(conf_id)?;
-        let desired_retention = config.inner.desired_retention;
+
+        // Get deck-specific desired retention if available, otherwise use config
+        // default
+        let desired_retention = deck.effective_desired_retention(&config);
+
         let historical_retention = config.inner.historical_retention;
         let params = config.fsrs_params();
         let decay = get_decay_from_params(params);
@@ -295,15 +305,15 @@ pub(crate) fn fsrs_items_for_memory_states(
         .collect()
 }
 
-struct LastRevlogInfo {
+pub(crate) struct LastRevlogInfo {
     /// Used to determine the actual elapsed time between the last time the user
     /// reviewed the card and now, so that we can determine an accurate period
     /// when the card has subsequently been rescheduled to a different day.
-    last_reviewed_at: Option<TimestampSecs>,
+    pub(crate) last_reviewed_at: Option<TimestampSecs>,
 }
 
-/// Return a map of cards to info about last review/reschedule.
+/// Return a map of cards to info about last review.
-fn get_last_revlog_info(revlogs: &[RevlogEntry]) -> HashMap<CardId, LastRevlogInfo> {
+pub(crate) fn get_last_revlog_info(revlogs: &[RevlogEntry]) -> HashMap<CardId, LastRevlogInfo> {
     let mut out = HashMap::new();
     revlogs
         .iter()
@@ -312,8 +322,10 @@ fn get_last_revlog_info(revlogs: &[RevlogEntry]) -> HashMap<CardId, LastRevlogIn
         .for_each(|(card_id, group)| {
             let mut last_reviewed_at = None;
             for e in group.into_iter() {
-                if e.button_chosen >= 1 {
+                if e.has_rating_and_affects_scheduling() {
                     last_reviewed_at = Some(e.id.as_secs());
+                } else if e.is_reset() {
+                    last_reviewed_at = None;
                 }
             }
             out.insert(card_id, LastRevlogInfo { last_reviewed_at });

rslib/src/scheduler/fsrs/params.rs

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ impl Collection {
             }
         }
 
-        let health_check_passed = if health_check {
+        let health_check_passed = if health_check && input.train_set.len() > 300 {
             let fsrs = FSRS::new(None)?;
             fsrs.evaluate_with_time_series_splits(input, |_| true)
                 .ok()
@@ -394,13 +394,13 @@ pub(crate) fn reviews_for_fsrs(
     let mut revlogs_complete = false;
     // Working backwards from the latest review...
     for (index, entry) in entries.iter().enumerate().rev() {
-        if entry.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Filtered && entry.ease_factor == 0 {
+        if entry.is_cramming() {
             continue;
         }
         // For incomplete review histories, initial memory state is based on the first
         // user-graded review after the cutoff date with interval >= 1d.
         let within_cutoff = entry.id.0 > ignore_revlogs_before.0;
-        let user_graded = matches!(entry.button_chosen, 1..=4);
+        let user_graded = entry.has_rating();
         let interday = entry.interval >= 1 || entry.interval <= -86400;
         if user_graded && within_cutoff && interday {
             first_user_grade_idx = Some(index);
@@ -409,10 +409,7 @@ pub(crate) fn reviews_for_fsrs(
         if user_graded && entry.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Learning {
             first_of_last_learn_entries = Some(index);
             revlogs_complete = true;
-        } else if matches!(
+        } else if entry.is_reset() {
-            (entry.review_kind, entry.ease_factor),
-            (RevlogReviewKind::Manual, 0)
-        ) {
             // Ignore entries prior to a `Reset` if a learning step has come after,
             // but consider revlogs complete.
             if first_of_last_learn_entries.is_some() {
@@ -472,16 +469,7 @@ pub(crate) fn reviews_for_fsrs(
     }
 
     // Filter out unwanted entries
-    entries.retain(|entry| {
+    entries.retain(|entry| entry.has_rating_and_affects_scheduling());
-        !(
-            // set due date, reset or rescheduled
-            (entry.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Manual || entry.button_chosen == 0)
-            || // cram
-            (entry.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Filtered && entry.ease_factor == 0)
-            || // rescheduled
-            (entry.review_kind == RevlogReviewKind::Rescheduled)
-        )
-    });
 
     // Compute delta_t for each entry
     let delta_ts = iter::once(0)
@@ -560,10 +548,14 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn revlog(review_kind: RevlogReviewKind, days_ago: i64) -> RevlogEntry {
+        let button_chosen = match review_kind {
+            RevlogReviewKind::Manual | RevlogReviewKind::Rescheduled => 0,
+            _ => 3,
+        };
         RevlogEntry {
             review_kind,
             id: days_ago_ms(days_ago).into(),
-            button_chosen: 3,
+            button_chosen,
             interval: 1,
             ..Default::default()
         }

rslib/src/scheduler/fsrs/simulator.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 // Copyright: Ankitects Pty Ltd and contributors
 // License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use anki_proto::deck_config::deck_config::config::ReviewCardOrder;
 use anki_proto::deck_config::deck_config::config::ReviewCardOrder::*;
 use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsReviewRequest;
 use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsReviewResponse;
+use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse;
 use fsrs::simulate;
 use fsrs::PostSchedulingFn;
 use fsrs::ReviewPriorityFn;
@@ -14,6 +16,8 @@ use fsrs::FSRS;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use rand::rngs::StdRng;
 use rand::Rng;
+use rayon::iter::IntoParallelIterator;
+use rayon::iter::ParallelIterator;
 
 use crate::card::CardQueue;
 use crate::card::CardType;
@@ -93,7 +97,7 @@ fn create_review_priority_fn(
 
         // Interval-based ordering
         IntervalsAscending => wrap!(|c, _w| c.interval as i32),
-        IntervalsDescending => wrap!(|c, _w| -(c.interval as i32)),
+        IntervalsDescending => wrap!(|c, _w| (c.interval as i32).saturating_neg()),
         // Retrievability-based ordering
         RetrievabilityAscending => {
             wrap!(move |c, w| (c.retrievability(w) * 1000.0) as i32)
@@ -117,6 +121,12 @@ fn create_review_priority_fn(
     }
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn is_included_card(c: &Card) -> bool {
+    c.queue != CardQueue::Suspended
+        && c.queue != CardQueue::PreviewRepeat
+        && c.ctype != CardType::New
+}
+
 impl Collection {
     pub fn simulate_request_to_config(
         &mut self,
@@ -129,18 +139,14 @@ impl Collection {
             .get_revlog_entries_for_searched_cards_in_card_order()?;
         let mut cards = guard.col.storage.all_searched_cards()?;
         drop(guard);
-        fn is_included_card(c: &Card) -> bool {
-            c.queue != CardQueue::Suspended
-                && c.queue != CardQueue::PreviewRepeat
-                && c.ctype != CardType::New
-        }
         // calculate any missing memory state
         for c in &mut cards {
             if is_included_card(c) && c.memory_state.is_none() {
-                let original = c.clone();
+                let fsrs_data = self.compute_memory_state(c.id)?;
-                let new_state = self.compute_memory_state(c.id)?.state;
+                c.memory_state = fsrs_data.state.map(Into::into);
-                c.memory_state = new_state.map(Into::into);
+                c.desired_retention = Some(fsrs_data.desired_retention);
-                self.update_card_inner(c, original, self.usn()?)?;
+                c.decay = Some(fsrs_data.decay);
+                self.storage.update_card(c)?;
             }
         }
         let days_elapsed = self.timing_today().unwrap().days_elapsed as i32;
@@ -233,8 +239,8 @@ impl Collection {
             learning_step_transitions: p.learning_step_transitions,
             relearning_step_transitions: p.relearning_step_transitions,
             state_rating_costs: p.state_rating_costs,
-            learning_step_count: p.learning_step_count,
+            learning_step_count: req.learning_step_count as usize,
-            relearning_step_count: p.relearning_step_count,
+            relearning_step_count: req.relearning_step_count as usize,
         };
 
         Ok((config, converted_cards))
@@ -267,10 +273,47 @@ impl Collection {
             daily_time_cost: result.cost_per_day,
         })
     }
+
+    pub fn simulate_workload(
+        &mut self,
+        req: SimulateFsrsReviewRequest,
+    ) -> Result<SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse> {
+        let (config, cards) = self.simulate_request_to_config(&req)?;
+        let dr_workload = (70u32..=99u32)
+            .into_par_iter()
+            .map(|dr| {
+                let result = simulate(
+                    &config,
+                    &req.params,
+                    dr as f32 / 100.,
+                    None,
+                    Some(cards.clone()),
+                )?;
+                Ok((
+                    dr,
+                    (
+                        *result.memorized_cnt_per_day.last().unwrap_or(&0.),
+                        result.cost_per_day.iter().sum::<f32>(),
+                        result.review_cnt_per_day.iter().sum::<usize>() as u32
+                            + result.learn_cnt_per_day.iter().sum::<usize>() as u32,
+                    ),
+                ))
+            })
+            .collect::<Result<HashMap<_, _>>>()?;
+        Ok(SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse {
+            memorized: dr_workload.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.0)).collect(),
+            cost: dr_workload.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.1)).collect(),
+            review_count: dr_workload.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.2)).collect(),
+        })
+    }
 }
 
 impl Card {
-    fn convert(card: Card, days_elapsed: i32, memory_state: FsrsMemoryState) -> Option<fsrs::Card> {
+    pub(crate) fn convert(
+        card: Card,
+        days_elapsed: i32,
+        memory_state: FsrsMemoryState,
+    ) -> Option<fsrs::Card> {
         match card.queue {
             CardQueue::DayLearn | CardQueue::Review => {
                 let due = card.original_or_current_due();

rslib/src/scheduler/queue/builder/gathering.rs

@@ -61,28 +61,26 @@ impl QueueBuilder {
     }
 
     fn gather_new_cards(&mut self, col: &mut Collection) -> Result<()> {
+        let salt = Self::knuth_salt(self.context.timing.days_elapsed);
         match self.context.sort_options.new_gather_priority {
             NewCardGatherPriority::Deck => {
                 self.gather_new_cards_by_deck(col, NewCardSorting::LowestPosition)
             }
-            NewCardGatherPriority::DeckThenRandomNotes => self.gather_new_cards_by_deck(
+            NewCardGatherPriority::DeckThenRandomNotes => {
-                col,
+                self.gather_new_cards_by_deck(col, NewCardSorting::RandomNotes(salt))
-                NewCardSorting::RandomNotes(self.context.timing.days_elapsed),
+            }
-            ),
             NewCardGatherPriority::LowestPosition => {
                 self.gather_new_cards_sorted(col, NewCardSorting::LowestPosition)
             }
             NewCardGatherPriority::HighestPosition => {
                 self.gather_new_cards_sorted(col, NewCardSorting::HighestPosition)
             }
-            NewCardGatherPriority::RandomNotes => self.gather_new_cards_sorted(
+            NewCardGatherPriority::RandomNotes => {
-                col,
+                self.gather_new_cards_sorted(col, NewCardSorting::RandomNotes(salt))
-                NewCardSorting::RandomNotes(self.context.timing.days_elapsed),
+            }
-            ),
+            NewCardGatherPriority::RandomCards => {
-            NewCardGatherPriority::RandomCards => self.gather_new_cards_sorted(
+                self.gather_new_cards_sorted(col, NewCardSorting::RandomCards(salt))
-                col,
+            }
-                NewCardSorting::RandomCards(self.context.timing.days_elapsed),
-            ),
         }
     }
 
@@ -169,4 +167,10 @@ impl QueueBuilder {
             true
         }
     }
+
+    // Generates a salt for use with fnvhash. Useful to increase randomness
+    // when the base salt is a small integer.
+    fn knuth_salt(base_salt: u32) -> u32 {
+        base_salt.wrapping_mul(2654435761)
+    }
 }

rslib/src/scheduler/service/mod.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use anki_proto::scheduler::FuzzDeltaResponse;
 use anki_proto::scheduler::GetOptimalRetentionParametersResponse;
 use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsReviewRequest;
 use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsReviewResponse;
+use anki_proto::scheduler::SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse;
 use fsrs::ComputeParametersInput;
 use fsrs::FSRSItem;
 use fsrs::FSRSReview;
@@ -283,6 +284,13 @@ impl crate::services::SchedulerService for Collection {
         self.simulate_review(input)
     }
 
+    fn simulate_fsrs_workload(
+        &mut self,
+        input: SimulateFsrsReviewRequest,
+    ) -> Result<SimulateFsrsWorkloadResponse> {
+        self.simulate_workload(input)
+    }
+
     fn compute_optimal_retention(
         &mut self,
         input: SimulateFsrsReviewRequest,

rslib/src/scheduler/states/load_balancer.rs

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ impl LoadBalancer {
         &self,
         note_id: Option<NoteId>,
         deckconfig_id: DeckConfigId,
-    ) -> LoadBalancerContext {
+    ) -> LoadBalancerContext<'_> {
         LoadBalancerContext {
             load_balancer: self,
             note_id,

rslib/src/scheduler/timespan.rs

@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ const SECOND: f32 = 1.0;
 const MINUTE: f32 = 60.0 * SECOND;
 const HOUR: f32 = 60.0 * MINUTE;
 const DAY: f32 = 24.0 * HOUR;
-const MONTH: f32 = 30.417 * DAY; // 365/12 ≈ 30.417
 const YEAR: f32 = 365.0 * DAY;
+const MONTH: f32 = YEAR / 12.0;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub(crate) enum TimespanUnit {
     Seconds,
     Minutes,
@@ -111,6 +111,13 @@ impl Timespan {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn to_unit(self, unit: TimespanUnit) -> Timespan {
+        Timespan {
+            seconds: self.seconds,
+            unit,
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Round seconds and days to integers, otherwise
     /// truncates to one decimal place.
     pub fn as_rounded_unit(self) -> f32 {

rslib/src/search/builder.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use std::mem;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use super::writer::write_nodes;
+use super::FieldSearchMode;
 use super::Node;
 use super::SearchNode;
 use super::StateKind;
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ impl SearchNode {
     pub fn from_tag_name(name: &str) -> Self {
         Self::Tag {
             tag: escape_anki_wildcards_for_search_node(name),
-            is_re: false,
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
         }
     }
 

rslib/src/search/mod.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ pub use builder::JoinSearches;
 pub use builder::Negated;
 pub use builder::SearchBuilder;
 pub use parser::parse as parse_search;
+pub use parser::FieldSearchMode;
 pub use parser::Node;
 pub use parser::PropertyKind;
 pub use parser::RatingKind;
@@ -226,7 +227,7 @@ impl Collection {
         &mut self,
         search: impl TryIntoSearch,
         mode: SortMode,
-    ) -> Result<CardTableGuard> {
+    ) -> Result<CardTableGuard<'_>> {
         let top_node = search.try_into_search()?;
         let writer = SqlWriter::new(self, ReturnItemType::Cards);
         let want_order = mode != SortMode::NoOrder;
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ impl Collection {
     pub(crate) fn search_notes_into_table(
         &mut self,
         search: impl TryIntoSearch,
-    ) -> Result<NoteTableGuard> {
+    ) -> Result<NoteTableGuard<'_>> {
         let top_node = search.try_into_search()?;
         let writer = SqlWriter::new(self, ReturnItemType::Notes);
         let mode = SortMode::NoOrder;
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ impl Collection {
 
     /// Place the ids of cards with notes in 'search_nids' into 'search_cids'.
     /// Returns number of added cards.
-    pub(crate) fn search_cards_of_notes_into_table(&mut self) -> Result<CardTableGuard> {
+    pub(crate) fn search_cards_of_notes_into_table(&mut self) -> Result<CardTableGuard<'_>> {
         self.storage.setup_searched_cards_table()?;
         let cards = self.storage.search_cards_of_notes_into_table()?;
         Ok(CardTableGuard { cards, col: self })
@@ -378,9 +379,10 @@ fn card_order_from_sort_column(column: Column, timing: SchedTimingToday) -> Cow<
         Column::Stability => "extract_fsrs_variable(c.data, 's') asc".into(),
         Column::Difficulty => "extract_fsrs_variable(c.data, 'd') asc".into(),
         Column::Retrievability => format!(
-            "extract_fsrs_retrievability(c.data, case when c.odue !=0 then c.odue else c.due end, c.ivl, {}, {}) asc",
+            "extract_fsrs_retrievability(c.data, case when c.odue !=0 then c.odue else c.due end, c.ivl, {}, {}, {}) asc",
             timing.days_elapsed,
-            timing.next_day_at.0
+            timing.next_day_at.0,
+            timing.now.0,
         )
         .into(),
     }

rslib/src/search/parser.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
+use anki_proto::search::search_node::FieldSearchMode as FieldSearchModeProto;
 use nom::branch::alt;
 use nom::bytes::complete::escaped;
 use nom::bytes::complete::is_not;
@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ use crate::error::ParseError;
 use crate::error::Result;
 use crate::error::SearchErrorKind as FailKind;
 use crate::prelude::*;
-
 type IResult<'a, O> = std::result::Result<(&'a str, O), nom::Err<ParseError<'a>>>;
 type ParseResult<'a, O> = std::result::Result<O, nom::Err<ParseError<'a>>>;
 
@@ -48,6 +48,23 @@ pub enum Node {
     Search(SearchNode),
 }
 
+#[derive(Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+pub enum FieldSearchMode {
+    Normal,
+    Regex,
+    NoCombining,
+}
+
+impl From<FieldSearchModeProto> for FieldSearchMode {
+    fn from(mode: FieldSearchModeProto) -> Self {
+        match mode {
+            FieldSearchModeProto::Normal => Self::Normal,
+            FieldSearchModeProto::Regex => Self::Regex,
+            FieldSearchModeProto::Nocombining => Self::NoCombining,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub enum SearchNode {
     // text without a colon
@@ -56,7 +73,7 @@ pub enum SearchNode {
     SingleField {
         field: String,
         text: String,
-        is_re: bool,
+        mode: FieldSearchMode,
     },
     AddedInDays(u32),
     EditedInDays(u32),
@@ -77,7 +94,7 @@ pub enum SearchNode {
     },
     Tag {
         tag: String,
-        is_re: bool,
+        mode: FieldSearchMode,
     },
     Duplicates {
         notetype_id: NotetypeId,
@@ -158,7 +175,7 @@ pub fn parse(input: &str) -> Result<Vec<Node>> {
 
 /// Zero or more nodes inside brackets, eg 'one OR two -three'.
 /// Empty vec must be handled by caller.
-fn group_inner(input: &str) -> IResult<Vec<Node>> {
+fn group_inner(input: &str) -> IResult<'_, Vec<Node>> {
     let mut remaining = input;
     let mut nodes = vec![];
 
@@ -203,16 +220,16 @@ fn group_inner(input: &str) -> IResult<Vec<Node>> {
     Ok((remaining, nodes))
 }
 
-fn whitespace0(s: &str) -> IResult<Vec<char>> {
+fn whitespace0(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Vec<char>> {
     many0(one_of(" \u{3000}")).parse(s)
 }
 
 /// Optional leading space, then a (negated) group or text
-fn node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     preceded(whitespace0, alt((negated_node, group, text))).parse(s)
 }
 
-fn negated_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn negated_node(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     map(preceded(char('-'), alt((group, text))), |node| {
         Node::Not(Box::new(node))
     })
@@ -220,7 +237,7 @@ fn negated_node(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
 }
 
 /// One or more nodes surrounded by brackets, eg (one OR two)
-fn group(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn group(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     let (opened, _) = char('(')(s)?;
     let (tail, inner) = group_inner(opened)?;
     if let Some(remaining) = tail.strip_prefix(')') {
@@ -235,18 +252,18 @@ fn group(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
 }
 
 /// Either quoted or unquoted text
-fn text(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn text(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     alt((quoted_term, partially_quoted_term, unquoted_term)).parse(s)
 }
 
 /// Quoted text, including the outer double quotes.
-fn quoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn quoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     let (remaining, term) = quoted_term_str(s)?;
     Ok((remaining, Node::Search(search_node_for_text(term)?)))
 }
 
 /// eg deck:"foo bar" - quotes must come after the :
-fn partially_quoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn partially_quoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     let (remaining, (key, val)) = separated_pair(
         escaped(is_not("\"(): \u{3000}\\"), '\\', none_of(" \u{3000}")),
         char(':'),
@@ -260,7 +277,7 @@ fn partially_quoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
 }
 
 /// Unquoted text, terminated by whitespace or unescaped ", ( or )
-fn unquoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
+fn unquoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, Node> {
     match escaped(is_not("\"() \u{3000}\\"), '\\', none_of(" \u{3000}"))(s) {
         Ok((tail, term)) => {
             if term.is_empty() {
@@ -297,7 +314,7 @@ fn unquoted_term(s: &str) -> IResult<Node> {
 }
 
 /// Non-empty string delimited by unescaped double quotes.
-fn quoted_term_str(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
+fn quoted_term_str(s: &str) -> IResult<'_, &str> {
     let (opened, _) = char('"')(s)?;
     if let Ok((tail, inner)) =
         escaped::<_, ParseError, _, _>(is_not(r#""\"#), '\\', anychar).parse(opened)
@@ -321,7 +338,7 @@ fn quoted_term_str(s: &str) -> IResult<&str> {
 
 /// Determine if text is a qualified search, and handle escaped chars.
 /// Expect well-formed input: unempty and no trailing \.
-fn search_node_for_text(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn search_node_for_text(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     // leading : is only possible error for well-formed input
     let (tail, head) = verify(escaped(is_not(r":\"), '\\', anychar), |t: &str| {
         !t.is_empty()
@@ -369,21 +386,21 @@ fn search_node_for_text_with_argument<'a>(
     })
 }
 
-fn parse_tag(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_tag(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     Ok(if let Some(re) = s.strip_prefix("re:") {
         SearchNode::Tag {
             tag: unescape_quotes(re),
-            is_re: true,
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::Regex,
         }
     } else {
         SearchNode::Tag {
             tag: unescape(s)?,
-            is_re: false,
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
         }
     })
 }
 
-fn parse_template(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_template(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     Ok(SearchNode::CardTemplate(match s.parse::<u16>() {
         Ok(n) => TemplateKind::Ordinal(n.max(1) - 1),
         Err(_) => TemplateKind::Name(unescape(s)?),
@@ -391,7 +408,7 @@ fn parse_template(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
 }
 
 /// flag:0-7
-fn parse_flag(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_flag(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     if let Ok(flag) = s.parse::<u8>() {
         if flag > 7 {
             Err(parse_failure(s, FailKind::InvalidFlag))
@@ -404,7 +421,7 @@ fn parse_flag(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
 }
 
 /// eg resched:3
-fn parse_resched(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_resched(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     parse_u32(s, "resched:").map(|days| SearchNode::Rated {
         days,
         ease: RatingKind::ManualReschedule,
@@ -412,7 +429,7 @@ fn parse_resched(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
 }
 
 /// eg prop:ivl>3, prop:ease!=2.5
-fn parse_prop(prop_clause: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_prop(prop_clause: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     let (tail, prop) = alt((
         tag("ivl"),
         tag("due"),
@@ -580,23 +597,23 @@ fn parse_prop_rated<'a>(num: &str, context: &'a str) -> ParseResult<'a, Property
 }
 
 /// eg added:1
-fn parse_added(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_added(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     parse_u32(s, "added:").map(|n| SearchNode::AddedInDays(n.max(1)))
 }
 
 /// eg edited:1
-fn parse_edited(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_edited(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     parse_u32(s, "edited:").map(|n| SearchNode::EditedInDays(n.max(1)))
 }
 
 /// eg introduced:1
-fn parse_introduced(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_introduced(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     parse_u32(s, "introduced:").map(|n| SearchNode::IntroducedInDays(n.max(1)))
 }
 
 /// eg rated:3 or rated:10:2
 /// second arg must be between 1-4
-fn parse_rated(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_rated(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     let mut it = s.splitn(2, ':');
     let days = parse_u32(it.next().unwrap(), "rated:")?.max(1);
     let button = parse_answer_button(it.next(), s)?;
@@ -604,7 +621,7 @@ fn parse_rated(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
 }
 
 /// eg is:due
-fn parse_state(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_state(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     use StateKind::*;
     Ok(SearchNode::State(match s {
         "new" => New,
@@ -624,7 +641,7 @@ fn parse_state(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
     }))
 }
 
-fn parse_mid(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_mid(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     parse_i64(s, "mid:").map(|n| SearchNode::NotetypeId(n.into()))
 }
 
@@ -646,7 +663,7 @@ fn check_id_list<'a>(s: &'a str, context: &str) -> ParseResult<'a, &'a str> {
 }
 
 /// eg dupe:1231,hello
-fn parse_dupe(s: &str) -> ParseResult<SearchNode> {
+fn parse_dupe(s: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, SearchNode> {
     let mut it = s.splitn(2, ',');
     let ntid = parse_i64(it.next().unwrap(), s)?;
     if let Some(text) = it.next() {
@@ -670,13 +687,19 @@ fn parse_single_field<'a>(key: &'a str, val: &'a str) -> ParseResult<'a, SearchN
         SearchNode::SingleField {
             field: unescape(key)?,
             text: unescape_quotes(stripped),
-            is_re: true,
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::Regex,
+        }
+    } else if let Some(stripped) = val.strip_prefix("nc:") {
+        SearchNode::SingleField {
+            field: unescape(key)?,
+            text: unescape_quotes(stripped),
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::NoCombining,
         }
     } else {
         SearchNode::SingleField {
             field: unescape(key)?,
             text: unescape(val)?,
-            is_re: false,
+            mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
         }
     })
 }
@@ -700,7 +723,7 @@ fn unescape_quotes_and_backslashes(s: &str) -> String {
 }
 
 /// Unescape chars with special meaning to the parser.
-fn unescape(txt: &str) -> ParseResult<String> {
+fn unescape(txt: &str) -> ParseResult<'_, String> {
     if let Some(seq) = invalid_escape_sequence(txt) {
         Err(parse_failure(
             txt,
@@ -806,7 +829,7 @@ mod test {
                     Search(SingleField {
                         field: "foo".into(),
                         text: "bar baz".into(),
-                        is_re: false,
+                        mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
                     })
                 ]))),
                 Or,
@@ -819,7 +842,16 @@ mod test {
             vec![Search(SingleField {
                 field: "foo".into(),
                 text: "bar".into(),
-                is_re: true
+                mode: FieldSearchMode::Regex,
+            })]
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse("foo:nc:bar")?,
+            vec![Search(SingleField {
+                field: "foo".into(),
+                text: "bar".into(),
+                mode: FieldSearchMode::NoCombining,
             })]
         );
 
@@ -829,7 +861,7 @@ mod test {
             vec![Search(SingleField {
                 field: "field".into(),
                 text: "va\"lue".into(),
-                is_re: false
+                mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
             })]
         );
         assert_eq!(parse(r#""field:va\"lue""#)?, parse(r#"field:"va\"lue""#)?,);
@@ -906,14 +938,14 @@ mod test {
             parse("tag:hard")?,
             vec![Search(Tag {
                 tag: "hard".into(),
-                is_re: false
+                mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal
             })]
         );
         assert_eq!(
             parse(r"tag:re:\\")?,
             vec![Search(Tag {
                 tag: r"\\".into(),
-                is_re: true
+                mode: FieldSearchMode::Regex
             })]
         );
         assert_eq!(

rslib/src/search/service/search_node.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use crate::search::parse_search;
+use crate::search::FieldSearchMode;
 use crate::search::Negated;
 use crate::search::Node;
 use crate::search::PropertyKind;
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ impl TryFrom<anki_proto::search::SearchNode> for Node {
                 Filter::FieldName(s) => Node::Search(SearchNode::SingleField {
                     field: escape_anki_wildcards_for_search_node(&s),
                     text: "_*".to_string(),
-                    is_re: false,
+                    mode: FieldSearchMode::Normal,
                 }),
                 Filter::Rated(rated) => Node::Search(SearchNode::Rated {
                     days: rated.days,
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ impl TryFrom<anki_proto::search::SearchNode> for Node {
                 Filter::Field(field) => Node::Search(SearchNode::SingleField {
                     field: escape_anki_wildcards(&field.field_name),
                     text: escape_anki_wildcards(&field.text),
-                    is_re: field.is_re,
+                    mode: field.mode().into(),
                 }),
                 Filter::LiteralText(text) => {
                     let text = escape_anki_wildcards(&text);

rslib/src/search/sqlwriter.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::ops::Range;
 
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
+use super::parser::FieldSearchMode;
 use super::parser::Node;
 use super::parser::PropertyKind;
 use super::parser::RatingKind;
@@ -138,8 +139,8 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
                     false,
                 )?
             }
-            SearchNode::SingleField { field, text, is_re } => {
+            SearchNode::SingleField { field, text, mode } => {
-                self.write_field(&norm(field), &self.norm_note(text), *is_re)?
+                self.write_field(&norm(field), &self.norm_note(text), *mode)?
             }
             SearchNode::Duplicates { notetype_id, text } => {
                 self.write_dupe(*notetype_id, &self.norm_note(text))?
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
             SearchNode::Notetype(notetype) => self.write_notetype(&norm(notetype)),
             SearchNode::Rated { days, ease } => self.write_rated(">", -i64::from(*days), ease)?,
 
-            SearchNode::Tag { tag, is_re } => self.write_tag(&norm(tag), *is_re),
+            SearchNode::Tag { tag, mode } => self.write_tag(&norm(tag), *mode),
             SearchNode::State(state) => self.write_state(state)?,
             SearchNode::Flag(flag) => {
                 write!(self.sql, "(c.flags & 7) == {flag}").unwrap();
@@ -296,8 +297,8 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn write_tag(&mut self, tag: &str, is_re: bool) {
+    fn write_tag(&mut self, tag: &str, mode: FieldSearchMode) {
-        if is_re {
+        if mode == FieldSearchMode::Regex {
             self.args.push(format!("(?i){tag}"));
             write!(self.sql, "regexp_tags(?{}, n.tags)", self.args.len()).unwrap();
         } else {
@@ -418,13 +419,13 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
                 write!(self.sql, "extract_fsrs_variable(c.data, 'd') {op} {d}").unwrap()
             }
             PropertyKind::Retrievability(r) => {
-                let (elap, next_day_at) = {
+                let (elap, next_day_at, now) = {
                     let timing = self.col.timing_today()?;
-                    (timing.days_elapsed, timing.next_day_at)
+                    (timing.days_elapsed, timing.next_day_at, timing.now)
                 };
                 write!(
                     self.sql,
-                    "extract_fsrs_retrievability(c.data, case when c.odue !=0 then c.odue else c.due end, c.ivl, {elap}, {next_day_at}) {op} {r}"
+                    "extract_fsrs_retrievability(c.data, case when c.odue !=0 then c.odue else c.due end, c.ivl, {elap}, {next_day_at}, {now}) {op} {r}"
                 )
                 .unwrap()
             }
@@ -567,16 +568,18 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn write_field(&mut self, field_name: &str, val: &str, is_re: bool) -> Result<()> {
+    fn write_field(&mut self, field_name: &str, val: &str, mode: FieldSearchMode) -> Result<()> {
         if matches!(field_name, "*" | "_*" | "*_") {
-            if is_re {
+            if mode == FieldSearchMode::Regex {
                 self.write_all_fields_regexp(val);
             } else {
                 self.write_all_fields(val);
             }
             Ok(())
-        } else if is_re {
+        } else if mode == FieldSearchMode::Regex {
             self.write_single_field_regexp(field_name, val)
+        } else if mode == FieldSearchMode::NoCombining {
+            self.write_single_field_nc(field_name, val)
         } else {
             self.write_single_field(field_name, val)
         }
@@ -592,6 +595,58 @@ impl SqlWriter<'_> {
         write!(self.sql, "regexp_fields(?{}, n.flds)", self.args.len()).unwrap();
     }
 
+    fn write_single_field_nc(&mut self, field_name: &str, val: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        let field_indicies_by_notetype = self.num_fields_and_fields_indices_by_notetype(
+            field_name,
+            matches!(val, "*" | "_*" | "*_"),
+        )?;
+        if field_indicies_by_notetype.is_empty() {
+            write!(self.sql, "false").unwrap();
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        let val = to_sql(val);
+        let val = without_combining(&val);
+        self.args.push(val.into());
+        let arg_idx = self.args.len();
+        let field_idx_str = format!("' || ?{arg_idx} || '");
+        let other_idx_str = "%".to_string();
+
+        let notetype_clause = |ctx: &FieldQualifiedSearchContext| -> String {
+            let field_index_clause = |range: &Range<u32>| {
+                let f = (0..ctx.total_fields_in_note)
+                    .filter_map(|i| {
+                        if i as u32 == range.start {
+                            Some(&field_idx_str)
+                        } else if range.contains(&(i as u32)) {
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            Some(&other_idx_str)
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .join("\x1f");
+                format!(
+                    "coalesce(process_text(n.flds, {}), n.flds) like '{f}' escape '\\'",
+                    ProcessTextFlags::NoCombining.bits()
+                )
+            };
+
+            let all_field_clauses = ctx
+                .field_ranges_to_search
+                .iter()
+                .map(field_index_clause)
+                .join(" or ");
+            format!("(n.mid = {mid} and ({all_field_clauses}))", mid = ctx.ntid)
+        };
+        let all_notetype_clauses = field_indicies_by_notetype
+            .iter()
+            .map(notetype_clause)
+            .join(" or ");
+        write!(self.sql, "({all_notetype_clauses})").unwrap();
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     fn write_single_field_regexp(&mut self, field_name: &str, val: &str) -> Result<()> {
         let field_indicies_by_notetype = self.fields_indices_by_notetype(field_name)?;
         if field_indicies_by_notetype.is_empty() {
@@ -1116,6 +1171,20 @@ mod test {
                 vec!["(?i)te.*st".into()]
             )
         );
+        // field search with no-combine
+        assert_eq!(
+            s(ctx, "front:nc:frânçais"),
+            (
+                concat!(
+                    "(((n.mid = 1581236385344 and (coalesce(process_text(n.flds, 1), n.flds) like '' || ?1 || '\u{1f}%' escape '\\')) or ",
+                    "(n.mid = 1581236385345 and (coalesce(process_text(n.flds, 1), n.flds) like '' || ?1 || '\u{1f}%\u{1f}%' escape '\\')) or ",
+                    "(n.mid = 1581236385346 and (coalesce(process_text(n.flds, 1), n.flds) like '' || ?1 || '\u{1f}%' escape '\\')) or ",
+                    "(n.mid = 1581236385347 and (coalesce(process_text(n.flds, 1), n.flds) like '' || ?1 || '\u{1f}%' escape '\\'))))"
+                )
+                .into(),
+                vec!["francais".into()]
+            )
+        );
         // all field search
         assert_eq!(
             s(ctx, "*:te*st"),