# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright: Damien Elmes <anki@ichi2.net>
# License: GNU AGPL, version 3 or later; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html

import urllib.request, urllib.parse, urllib.error
import io
import sys
import gzip
import random
from io import StringIO

import httplib2
from anki.db import DB
from anki.utils import ids2str, intTime, json, isWin, isMac, platDesc, checksum
from anki.consts import *
from .hooks import runHook
import anki
from .lang import ngettext

# syncing vars
HTTP_TIMEOUT = 90
HTTP_PROXY = None

# badly named; means no retries
httplib2.RETRIES = 1

try:
    # httplib2 >=0.7.7
    _proxy_info_from_environment = httplib2.proxy_info_from_environment
    _proxy_info_from_url = httplib2.proxy_info_from_url
except AttributeError:
    # httplib2 <0.7.7
    _proxy_info_from_environment = httplib2.ProxyInfo.from_environment
    _proxy_info_from_url = httplib2.ProxyInfo.from_url

# Httplib2 connection object
######################################################################

def httpCon():
    certs = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "ankiweb.certs")
    if not os.path.exists(certs):
        if not isMac:
            certs = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
                os.path.dirname(certs), "..", "ankiweb.certs"))
        else:
            certs = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
                os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])),
                "../Resources/ankiweb.certs"))
    if not os.path.exists(certs):
            assert 0, "Unable to locate ankiweb.certs"
    return httplib2.Http(
        timeout=HTTP_TIMEOUT, ca_certs=certs,
        proxy_info=HTTP_PROXY,
        disable_ssl_certificate_validation=not not HTTP_PROXY)

# Proxy handling
######################################################################

def _setupProxy():
    global HTTP_PROXY
    # set in env?
    p = _proxy_info_from_environment()
    if not p:
        # platform-specific fetch
        url = None
        if isWin:
            print("fixme: win proxy support")
            # r = urllib.getproxies_registry()
            # if 'https' in r:
            #     url = r['https']
            # elif 'http' in r:
            #     url = r['http']
        elif isMac:
            print("fixme: mac proxy support")
            # r = urllib.getproxies_macosx_sysconf()
            # if 'https' in r:
            #     url = r['https']
            # elif 'http' in r:
            #     url = r['http']
        if url:
            p = _proxy_info_from_url(url, _proxyMethod(url))
    if p:
        p.proxy_rdns = True
    HTTP_PROXY = p

def _proxyMethod(url):
    if url.lower().startswith("https"):
        return "https"
    else:
        return "http"

_setupProxy()

# Incremental syncing
##########################################################################

class Syncer(object):

    def __init__(self, col, server=None):
        self.col = col
        self.server = server

    def sync(self):
        "Returns 'noChanges', 'fullSync', 'success', etc"
        self.syncMsg = ""
        self.uname = ""
        # if the deck has any pending changes, flush them first and bump mod
        # time
        self.col.save()
        # step 1: login & metadata
        runHook("sync", "login")
        meta = self.server.meta()
        self.col.log("rmeta", meta)
        if not meta:
            return "badAuth"
        # server requested abort?
        self.syncMsg = meta['msg']
        if not meta['cont']:
            return "serverAbort"
        else:
            # don't abort, but if 'msg' is not blank, gui should show 'msg'
            # after sync finishes and wait for confirmation before hiding
            pass
        rscm = meta['scm']
        rts = meta['ts']
        self.rmod = meta['mod']
        self.maxUsn = meta['usn']
        # this is a temporary measure to address the problem of users
        # forgetting which email address they've used - it will be removed
        # when enough time has passed
        self.uname = meta.get("uname", "")
        meta = self.meta()
        self.col.log("lmeta", meta)
        self.lmod = meta['mod']
        self.minUsn = meta['usn']
        lscm = meta['scm']
        lts = meta['ts']
        if abs(rts - lts) > 300:
            self.col.log("clock off")
            return "clockOff"
        if self.lmod == self.rmod:
            self.col.log("no changes")
            return "noChanges"
        elif lscm != rscm:
            self.col.log("schema diff")
            return "fullSync"
        self.lnewer = self.lmod > self.rmod
        # step 1.5: check collection is valid
        if not self.col.basicCheck():
            self.col.log("basic check")
            return "basicCheckFailed"
        # step 2: deletions
        runHook("sync", "meta")
        lrem = self.removed()
        rrem = self.server.start(
            minUsn=self.minUsn, lnewer=self.lnewer, graves=lrem)
        self.remove(rrem)
        # ...and small objects
        lchg = self.changes()
        rchg = self.server.applyChanges(changes=lchg)
        self.mergeChanges(lchg, rchg)
        # step 3: stream large tables from server
        runHook("sync", "server")
        while 1:
            runHook("sync", "stream")
            chunk = self.server.chunk()
            self.col.log("server chunk", chunk)
            self.applyChunk(chunk=chunk)
            if chunk['done']:
                break
        # step 4: stream to server
        runHook("sync", "client")
        while 1:
            runHook("sync", "stream")
            chunk = self.chunk()
            self.col.log("client chunk", chunk)
            self.server.applyChunk(chunk=chunk)
            if chunk['done']:
                break
        # step 5: sanity check
        runHook("sync", "sanity")
        c = self.sanityCheck()
        ret = self.server.sanityCheck2(client=c)
        if ret['status'] != "ok":
            # roll back and force full sync
            self.col.rollback()
            self.col.modSchema(False)
            self.col.save()
            return "sanityCheckFailed"
        # finalize
        runHook("sync", "finalize")
        mod = self.server.finish()
        self.finish(mod)
        return "success"

    def meta(self):
        return dict(
            mod=self.col.mod,
            scm=self.col.scm,
            usn=self.col._usn,
            ts=intTime(),
            musn=0,
            msg="",
            cont=True
        )

    def changes(self):
        "Bundle up small objects."
        d = dict(models=self.getModels(),
                 decks=self.getDecks(),
                 tags=self.getTags())
        if self.lnewer:
            d['conf'] = self.getConf()
            d['crt'] = self.col.crt
        return d

    def applyChanges(self, changes):
        self.rchg = changes
        lchg = self.changes()
        # merge our side before returning
        self.mergeChanges(lchg, self.rchg)
        return lchg

    def mergeChanges(self, lchg, rchg):
        # then the other objects
        self.mergeModels(rchg['models'])
        self.mergeDecks(rchg['decks'])
        self.mergeTags(rchg['tags'])
        if 'conf' in rchg:
            self.mergeConf(rchg['conf'])
        # this was left out of earlier betas
        if 'crt' in rchg:
            self.col.crt = rchg['crt']
        self.prepareToChunk()

    def sanityCheck(self):
        if not self.col.basicCheck():
            return "failed basic check"
        for t in "cards", "notes", "revlog", "graves":
            if self.col.db.scalar(
                "select count() from %s where usn = -1" % t):
                return "%s had usn = -1" % t
        for g in self.col.decks.all():
            if g['usn'] == -1:
                return "deck had usn = -1"
        for t, usn in self.col.tags.allItems():
            if usn == -1:
                return "tag had usn = -1"
        found = False
        for m in self.col.models.all():
            if self.col.server:
                # the web upgrade was mistakenly setting usn
                if m['usn'] < 0:
                    m['usn'] = 0
                    found = True
            else:
                if m['usn'] == -1:
                    return "model had usn = -1"
        if found:
            self.col.models.save()
        self.col.sched.reset()
        # check for missing parent decks
        self.col.sched.deckDueList()
        # return summary of deck
        return [
            list(self.col.sched.counts()),
            self.col.db.scalar("select count() from cards"),
            self.col.db.scalar("select count() from notes"),
            self.col.db.scalar("select count() from revlog"),
            self.col.db.scalar("select count() from graves"),
            len(self.col.models.all()),
            len(self.col.decks.all()),
            len(self.col.decks.allConf()),
        ]

    def sanityCheck2(self, client):
        server = self.sanityCheck()
        if client != server:
            return dict(status="bad", c=client, s=server)
        return dict(status="ok")

    def usnLim(self):
        if self.col.server:
            return "usn >= %d" % self.minUsn
        else:
            return "usn = -1"

    def finish(self, mod=None):
        if not mod:
            # server side; we decide new mod time
            mod = intTime(1000)
        self.col.ls = mod
        self.col._usn = self.maxUsn + 1
        # ensure we save the mod time even if no changes made
        self.col.db.mod = True
        self.col.save(mod=mod)
        return mod

    # Chunked syncing
    ##########################################################################

    def prepareToChunk(self):
        self.tablesLeft = ["revlog", "cards", "notes"]
        self.cursor = None

    def cursorForTable(self, table):
        lim = self.usnLim()
        x = self.col.db.execute
        d = (self.maxUsn, lim)
        if table == "revlog":
            return x("""
select id, cid, %d, ease, ivl, lastIvl, factor, time, type
from revlog where %s""" % d)
        elif table == "cards":
            return x("""
select id, nid, did, ord, mod, %d, type, queue, due, ivl, factor, reps,
lapses, left, odue, odid, flags, data from cards where %s""" % d)
        else:
            return x("""
select id, guid, mid, mod, %d, tags, flds, '', '', flags, data
from notes where %s""" % d)

    def chunk(self):
        buf = dict(done=False)
        lim = 250
        while self.tablesLeft and lim:
            curTable = self.tablesLeft[0]
            if not self.cursor:
                self.cursor = self.cursorForTable(curTable)
            rows = self.cursor.fetchmany(lim)
            fetched = len(rows)
            if fetched != lim:
                # table is empty
                self.tablesLeft.pop(0)
                self.cursor = None
                # if we're the client, mark the objects as having been sent
                if not self.col.server:
                    self.col.db.execute(
                        "update %s set usn=? where usn=-1"%curTable,
                        self.maxUsn)
            buf[curTable] = rows
            lim -= fetched
        if not self.tablesLeft:
            buf['done'] = True
        return buf

    def applyChunk(self, chunk):
        if "revlog" in chunk:
            self.mergeRevlog(chunk['revlog'])
        if "cards" in chunk:
            self.mergeCards(chunk['cards'])
        if "notes" in chunk:
            self.mergeNotes(chunk['notes'])

    # Deletions
    ##########################################################################

    def removed(self):
        cards = []
        notes = []
        decks = []
        if self.col.server:
            curs = self.col.db.execute(
                "select oid, type from graves where usn >= ?", self.minUsn)
        else:
            curs = self.col.db.execute(
                "select oid, type from graves where usn = -1")
        for oid, type in curs:
            if type == REM_CARD:
                cards.append(oid)
            elif type == REM_NOTE:
                notes.append(oid)
            else:
                decks.append(oid)
        if not self.col.server:
            self.col.db.execute("update graves set usn=? where usn=-1",
                                 self.maxUsn)
        return dict(cards=cards, notes=notes, decks=decks)

    def start(self, minUsn, lnewer, graves):
        self.maxUsn = self.col._usn
        self.minUsn = minUsn
        self.lnewer = not lnewer
        lgraves = self.removed()
        self.remove(graves)
        return lgraves

    def remove(self, graves):
        # pretend to be the server so we don't set usn = -1
        wasServer = self.col.server
        self.col.server = True
        # notes first, so we don't end up with duplicate graves
        self.col._remNotes(graves['notes'])
        # then cards
        self.col.remCards(graves['cards'], notes=False)
        # and decks
        for oid in graves['decks']:
            self.col.decks.rem(oid, childrenToo=False)
        self.col.server = wasServer

    # Models
    ##########################################################################

    def getModels(self):
        if self.col.server:
            return [m for m in self.col.models.all() if m['usn'] >= self.minUsn]
        else:
            mods = [m for m in self.col.models.all() if m['usn'] == -1]
            for m in mods:
                m['usn'] = self.maxUsn
            self.col.models.save()
            return mods

    def mergeModels(self, rchg):
        for r in rchg:
            l = self.col.models.get(r['id'])
            # if missing locally or server is newer, update
            if not l or r['mod'] > l['mod']:
                self.col.models.update(r)

    # Decks
    ##########################################################################

    def getDecks(self):
        if self.col.server:
            return [
                [g for g in self.col.decks.all() if g['usn'] >= self.minUsn],
                [g for g in self.col.decks.allConf() if g['usn'] >= self.minUsn]
            ]
        else:
            decks = [g for g in self.col.decks.all() if g['usn'] == -1]
            for g in decks:
                g['usn'] = self.maxUsn
            dconf = [g for g in self.col.decks.allConf() if g['usn'] == -1]
            for g in dconf:
                g['usn'] = self.maxUsn
            self.col.decks.save()
            return [decks, dconf]

    def mergeDecks(self, rchg):
        for r in rchg[0]:
            l = self.col.decks.get(r['id'], False)
            # if missing locally or server is newer, update
            if not l or r['mod'] > l['mod']:
                self.col.decks.update(r)
        for r in rchg[1]:
            try:
                l = self.col.decks.getConf(r['id'])
            except KeyError:
                l = None
            # if missing locally or server is newer, update
            if not l or r['mod'] > l['mod']:
                self.col.decks.updateConf(r)

    # Tags
    ##########################################################################

    def getTags(self):
        if self.col.server:
            return [t for t, usn in self.col.tags.allItems()
                    if usn >= self.minUsn]
        else:
            tags = []
            for t, usn in self.col.tags.allItems():
                if usn == -1:
                    self.col.tags.tags[t] = self.maxUsn
                    tags.append(t)
            self.col.tags.save()
            return tags

    def mergeTags(self, tags):
        self.col.tags.register(tags, usn=self.maxUsn)

    # Cards/notes/revlog
    ##########################################################################

    def mergeRevlog(self, logs):
        self.col.db.executemany(
            "insert or ignore into revlog values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
            logs)

    def newerRows(self, data, table, modIdx):
        ids = (r[0] for r in data)
        lmods = {}
        for id, mod in self.col.db.execute(
            "select id, mod from %s where id in %s and %s" % (
                table, ids2str(ids), self.usnLim())):
            lmods[id] = mod
        update = []
        for r in data:
            if r[0] not in lmods or lmods[r[0]] < r[modIdx]:
                update.append(r)
        self.col.log(table, data)
        return update

    def mergeCards(self, cards):
        self.col.db.executemany(
            "insert or replace into cards values "
            "(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
            self.newerRows(cards, "cards", 4))

    def mergeNotes(self, notes):
        rows = self.newerRows(notes, "notes", 3)
        self.col.db.executemany(
            "insert or replace into notes values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)",
            rows)
        self.col.updateFieldCache([f[0] for f in rows])

    # Col config
    ##########################################################################

    def getConf(self):
        return self.col.conf

    def mergeConf(self, conf):
        self.col.conf = conf

# Local syncing for unit tests
##########################################################################

class LocalServer(Syncer):

    # serialize/deserialize payload, so we don't end up sharing objects
    # between cols
    def applyChanges(self, changes):
        l = json.loads; d = json.dumps
        return l(d(Syncer.applyChanges(self, l(d(changes)))))

# HTTP syncing tools
##########################################################################

# Calling code should catch the following codes:
# - 501: client needs upgrade
# - 502: ankiweb down
# - 503/504: server too busy

class HttpSyncer(object):

    def __init__(self, hkey=None, con=None):
        self.hkey = hkey
        self.skey = checksum(str(random.random()))[:8]
        self.con = con or httpCon()
        self.postVars = {}

    def assertOk(self, resp):
        if resp['status'] != '200':
            raise Exception("Unknown response code: %s" % resp['status'])

    # Posting data as a file
    ######################################################################
    # We don't want to post the payload as a form var, as the percent-encoding is
    # costly. We could send it as a raw post, but more HTTP clients seem to
    # support file uploading, so this is the more compatible choice.

    def req(self, method, fobj=None, comp=6, badAuthRaises=False):
        BOUNDARY=b"Anki-sync-boundary"
        bdry = b"--"+BOUNDARY
        buf = io.BytesIO()
        # post vars
        self.postVars['c'] = 1 if comp else 0
        for (key, value) in list(self.postVars.items()):
            buf.write(bdry + b"\r\n")
            buf.write(
                ('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"\r\n\r\n%s\r\n' %
                (key, value)).encode("utf8"))
        # payload as raw data or json
        if fobj:
            # header
            buf.write(bdry + b"\r\n")
            buf.write(b"""\
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="data"; filename="data"\r\n\
Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n""")
            # write file into buffer, optionally compressing
            if comp:
                tgt = gzip.GzipFile(mode="wb", fileobj=buf, compresslevel=comp)
            else:
                tgt = buf
            while 1:
                data = fobj.read(65536)
                if not data:
                    if comp:
                        tgt.close()
                    break
                tgt.write(data)
            buf.write(b'\r\n' + bdry + b'--\r\n')
        size = buf.tell()
        # connection headers
        headers = {
            'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % BOUNDARY.decode("utf8"),
            'Content-Length': str(size),
        }
        body = buf.getvalue()
        buf.close()
        resp, cont = self.con.request(
            self.syncURL()+method, "POST", headers=headers, body=body)
        if not badAuthRaises:
            # return false if bad auth instead of raising
            if resp['status'] == '403':
                return False
        self.assertOk(resp)
        return cont

# Incremental sync over HTTP
######################################################################

class RemoteServer(HttpSyncer):

    def __init__(self, hkey):
        HttpSyncer.__init__(self, hkey)

    def syncURL(self):
        if os.getenv("ANKIDEV"):
            return "https://l1.ankiweb.net/sync/"
        return SYNC_BASE + "sync/"

    def hostKey(self, user, pw):
        "Returns hkey or none if user/pw incorrect."
        self.postVars = dict()
        ret = self.req(
            "hostKey", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(dict(u=user, p=pw)).encode("utf8")),
            badAuthRaises=False)
        if not ret:
            # invalid auth
            return
        self.hkey = json.loads(ret.decode("utf8"))['key']
        return self.hkey

    def meta(self):
        self.postVars = dict(
            k=self.hkey,
            s=self.skey,
        )
        ret = self.req(
            "meta", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(dict(
                v=SYNC_VER, cv="ankidesktop,%s,%s"%(anki.version, platDesc()))).encode("utf8")),
            badAuthRaises=False)
        if not ret:
            # invalid auth
            return
        return json.loads(ret.decode("utf8"))

    def applyChanges(self, **kw):
        return self._run("applyChanges", kw)

    def start(self, **kw):
        return self._run("start", kw)

    def chunk(self, **kw):
        return self._run("chunk", kw)

    def applyChunk(self, **kw):
        return self._run("applyChunk", kw)

    def sanityCheck2(self, **kw):
        return self._run("sanityCheck2", kw)

    def finish(self, **kw):
        return self._run("finish", kw)

    def _run(self, cmd, data):
        return json.loads(
            self.req(cmd, io.BytesIO(json.dumps(data).encode("utf8"))).decode("utf8"))

# Full syncing
##########################################################################

class FullSyncer(HttpSyncer):

    def __init__(self, col, hkey, con):
        HttpSyncer.__init__(self, hkey, con)
        self.postVars = dict(
            k=self.hkey,
            v="ankidesktop,%s,%s"%(anki.version, platDesc()),
        )
        self.col = col

    def syncURL(self):
        if os.getenv("ANKIDEV"):
            return "https://l1.ankiweb.net/sync/"
        return SYNC_BASE + "sync/"

    def download(self):
        runHook("sync", "download")
        self.col.close()
        cont = self.req("download")
        tpath = self.col.path + ".tmp"
        if cont == "upgradeRequired":
            runHook("sync", "upgradeRequired")
            return
        open(tpath, "wb").write(cont)
        # check the received file is ok
        d = DB(tpath)
        assert d.scalar("pragma integrity_check") == "ok"
        d.close()
        # overwrite existing collection
        os.unlink(self.col.path)
        os.rename(tpath, self.col.path)
        self.col = None

    def upload(self):
        "True if upload successful."
        runHook("sync", "upload")
        # make sure it's ok before we try to upload
        if self.col.db.scalar("pragma integrity_check") != "ok":
            return False
        if not self.col.basicCheck():
            return False
        # apply some adjustments, then upload
        self.col.beforeUpload()
        if self.req("upload", open(self.col.path, "rb")) != b"OK":
            return False
        return True

# Media syncing
##########################################################################
#
# About conflicts:
# - to minimize data loss, if both sides are marked for sending and one
#   side has been deleted, favour the add
# - if added/changed on both sides, favour the server version on the
#   assumption other syncers are in sync with the server
#

class MediaSyncer(object):

    def __init__(self, col, server=None):
        self.col = col
        self.server = server

    def sync(self):
        # check if there have been any changes
        runHook("sync", "findMedia")
        self.col.log("findChanges")
        self.col.media.findChanges()

        # begin session and check if in sync
        lastUsn = self.col.media.lastUsn()
        ret = self.server.begin()
        srvUsn = ret['usn']
        if lastUsn == srvUsn and not self.col.media.haveDirty():
            return "noChanges"

        # loop through and process changes from server
        self.col.log("last local usn is %s"%lastUsn)
        self.downloadCount = 0
        while True:
            data = self.server.mediaChanges(lastUsn=lastUsn)

            self.col.log("mediaChanges resp count %d"%len(data))
            if not data:
                break

            need = []
            lastUsn = data[-1][1]
            for fname, rusn, rsum in data:
                lsum, ldirty = self.col.media.syncInfo(fname)
                self.col.log(
                    "check: lsum=%s rsum=%s ldirty=%d rusn=%d fname=%s"%(
                        (lsum and lsum[0:4]),
                        (rsum and rsum[0:4]),
                        ldirty,
                        rusn,
                        fname))

                if rsum:
                    # added/changed remotely
                    if not lsum or lsum != rsum:
                        self.col.log("will fetch")
                        need.append(fname)
                    else:
                        self.col.log("have same already")
                    ldirty and self.col.media.markClean([fname])
                elif lsum:
                    # deleted remotely
                    if not ldirty:
                        self.col.log("delete local")
                        self.col.media.syncDelete(fname)
                    else:
                        # conflict; local add overrides remote delete
                        self.col.log("conflict; will send")
                else:
                    # deleted both sides
                    self.col.log("both sides deleted")
                    ldirty and self.col.media.markClean([fname])

            self._downloadFiles(need)

            self.col.log("update last usn to %d"%lastUsn)
            self.col.media.setLastUsn(lastUsn) # commits

        # at this point we're all up to date with the server's changes,
        # and we need to send our own

        updateConflict = False
        toSend = self.col.media.dirtyCount()
        while True:
            zip, fnames = self.col.media.mediaChangesZip()
            if not fnames:
                break

            runHook("syncMsg", ngettext(
                "%d media change to upload", "%d media changes to upload", toSend)
                    % toSend)

            processedCnt, serverLastUsn = self.server.uploadChanges(zip)
            self.col.media.markClean(fnames[0:processedCnt])

            self.col.log("processed %d, serverUsn %d, clientUsn %d" % (
                processedCnt, serverLastUsn, lastUsn
            ))

            if serverLastUsn - processedCnt == lastUsn:
                self.col.log("lastUsn in sync, updating local")
                lastUsn = serverLastUsn
                self.col.media.setLastUsn(serverLastUsn) # commits
            else:
                self.col.log("concurrent update, skipping usn update")
                # commit for markClean
                self.col.media.db.commit()
                updateConflict = True

            toSend -= processedCnt

        if updateConflict:
            self.col.log("restart sync due to concurrent update")
            return self.sync()

        lcnt = self.col.media.mediaCount()
        ret = self.server.mediaSanity(local=lcnt)
        if ret == "OK":
            return "OK"
        else:
            self.col.media.forceResync()
            return ret

    def _downloadFiles(self, fnames):
        self.col.log("%d files to fetch"%len(fnames))
        while fnames:
            top = fnames[0:SYNC_ZIP_COUNT]
            self.col.log("fetch %s"%top)
            zipData = self.server.downloadFiles(files=top)
            cnt = self.col.media.addFilesFromZip(zipData)
            self.downloadCount += cnt
            self.col.log("received %d files"%cnt)
            fnames = fnames[cnt:]

            n = self.downloadCount
            runHook("syncMsg", ngettext(
                "%d media file downloaded", "%d media files downloaded", n)
                    % n)

# Remote media syncing
##########################################################################

class RemoteMediaServer(HttpSyncer):

    def __init__(self, col, hkey, con):
        self.col = col
        HttpSyncer.__init__(self, hkey, con)

    def syncURL(self):
        if os.getenv("ANKIDEV"):
            return "https://l1.ankiweb.net/msync/"
        return SYNC_MEDIA_BASE

    def begin(self):
        self.postVars = dict(
            k=self.hkey,
            v="ankidesktop,%s,%s"%(anki.version, platDesc())
        )
        ret = self._dataOnly(self.req(
            "begin", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(dict()).encode("utf8"))))
        self.skey = ret['sk']
        return ret

    # args: lastUsn
    def mediaChanges(self, **kw):
        self.postVars = dict(
            sk=self.skey,
        )
        return self._dataOnly(
            self.req("mediaChanges", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(kw).encode("utf8"))))

    # args: files
    def downloadFiles(self, **kw):
        return self.req("downloadFiles", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(kw).encode("utf8")))

    def uploadChanges(self, zip):
        # no compression, as we compress the zip file instead
        return self._dataOnly(
            self.req("uploadChanges", io.BytesIO(zip), comp=0))

    # args: local
    def mediaSanity(self, **kw):
        return self._dataOnly(
            self.req("mediaSanity", io.BytesIO(json.dumps(kw).encode("utf8"))))

    def _dataOnly(self, resp):
        resp = json.loads(resp.decode("utf8"))
        if resp['err']:
            self.col.log("error returned:%s"%resp['err'])
            raise Exception("SyncError:%s"%resp['err'])
        return resp['data']

    # only for unit tests
    def mediatest(self, cmd):
        self.postVars = dict(
            k=self.hkey,
        )
        return self._dataOnly(
            self.req("newMediaTest", io.BytesIO(
                json.dumps(dict(cmd=cmd)).encode("utf8"))))