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135 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
135 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
# Contributing Code
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For info on contributing things other than code, such as translations, decks
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and add-ons, please see https://docs.ankiweb.net/contrib
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## Help wanted
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If you'd like to contribute but don't know what to work on, please take a look
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at the [issues tab](https://github.com/ankitects/anki/issues) of the Anki repo
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on GitHub.
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## Larger changes
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Before starting work on larger changes, especially ones that aren't listed on the
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issue tracker, please reach out on the forums before you begin work, so we can let
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you know whether they're likely to be accepted or not. When you spent a bunch of time
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on a PR that ends up getting rejected, it's no fun for either you or us.
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## Refactoring
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Please avoid PRs that focus on refactoring. Every PR has a cost to review, and a chance
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of introducing accidental regressions, and often these costs are not worth it for
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slightly more elegant code.
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That's not to say there's no value in refactoring. But such changes are usually better done
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in a PR that happens to be working in the same area - for example, making small changes
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to the code as part of fixing a bug, or a larger refactor when introducing a new feature.
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## Type hints
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Most of Anki's Python code now has type hints, which improve code completion,
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and make it easier to discover errors during development. When adding new
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code, please make sure you add type hints as well, or the tests will fail.
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Qt's stubs are not perfect, so you may sometimes need to use cast(), or silence
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a type error. When connecting signals, there's a qconnect() helper in aqt.utils
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that can be used to work around the type warnings without obscuring other errors
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such as a mistyped variable.
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In cases where you have two modules that reference each other, you can fix the
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import cycle by using fully qualified names in the types, and enabling
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annotations. For example, instead of
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```
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from aqt.browser import Browser
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def myfunc(b: Browser) -> None:
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pass
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```
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use the following instead:
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```
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from __future__ import annotations
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import aqt
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def myfunc(b: aqt.browser.Browser) -> None:
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pass
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```
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## Hooks
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If you're writing an add-on and would like to extend a function that doesn't
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currently have a hook, a pull request that adds the required hooks would be
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welcome. If you could mention your use case in the pull request, that would be
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appreciated.
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The hooks try to follow one of two formats:
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[subject] [verb] - eg, note_type_added, card_will_render
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[module] [verb] [subject] - eg, browser_did_change_row, editor_did_update_tags
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The qt code tends to use the second form, as the hooks tend to focus on
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particular screens. The pylib code tends to use the first form, as the focus
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is usually subjects like cards, notes, etc.
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Using "did change" instead of the past tense "changed" can seem awkward, but
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makes it consistent with "will", and is similar to the naming style used in
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iOS's libraries.
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In most cases, hooks are better added in the GUI code than in pylib.
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The hook code is automatically generated using the definitions in
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pylib/tools/genhooks.py and qt/tools/genhooks_gui.py. Adding a new definition
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in one of those files will update the generated files.
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If you want to change an existing hook to, for example, receive an additional
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argument, you must leave the existing hook unchanged to preserve backwards
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compatibility. Create a new definition for your hook with a similar name and
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include the properties `replaces="name_of_old_hook"` and
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`replaced_hook_args=["..."]` in the definition of the new hook. If the old hook
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has a legacy hook, you must not add the legacy hook to the definition of the
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new hook.
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## Translations
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For information on adding new translatable strings to Anki, please see
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https://translating.ankiweb.net/anki/developers
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## Tests Must Pass
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Please make sure 'ninja check' completes successfully before submitting code.
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You can do this automatically by adding the following into
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.git/hooks/pre-commit or .git/hooks/pre-push and making it executable.
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```sh
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#!/bin/bash
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./ninja check
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```
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You may want to explicitly set PATH to your normal shell PATH in that script,
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as pre-commit does not use a login shell, and if your path differs Bazel will
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end up recompiling things unnecessarily.
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If your change is non-trivial and not covered by the existing unit tests, please
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consider adding a unit test at the same time.
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## Code Style
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Please use standard Python snake_case variable names and functions in newly
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introduced code. Because add-ons often rely on existing function names, if
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renaming an existing function, please add a legacy alias to the old function.
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## Do One Thing
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A patch or pull request should be the minimum necessary to address one issue.
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Please don't make a pull request for a bunch of unrelated changes, as they are
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difficult to review and will be rejected - split them up into separate
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requests instead.
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## License
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Please add yourself to the CONTRIBUTORS file in your first pull request.
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